Mixed acid 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
解説
混酸，これは有機化合物のニトロ化剤として常用されるためである。また化学分析などで試料溶解用にしばしば用いられる、濃硝酸と濃塩酸の混合物である王水や逆王水なども混酸とよばれることがある。2種類以上の酸の混合物をいうが，普通は濃硝酸と濃硫酸との混合溶液のことである．混酸のなかでは，次の平衡が成り立っている．HNO3 ＋ 2H2SO4
" H3O＋ ＋ NO2＋ ＋ 2HSO4－平衡混合物中のニトロイル陽イオンNO2＋が，ニトロ化や硝酸エステル化のはたらきをすると考えられている．
定義
A mixture of sulfu-ric and nitric acids used for nitrating, e.g., in themanufacture of explosives, plastics, etc. Consists of36% nitric acid and 61% sulfuric acid.
危険性
Spillage may cause fire or liberate danger-ous gas. Causes severe burns, irritant by ingestionand inhalation, may cause Noxpoisoning.
农业用途
Mixed acid is a mixture of sulphuric acid (61 %) and nitric
acid (36 %) used for nitration.
Mixed acid process for nitrophosphate
production
There are two processes used for making nitrophosphate
fertilizers - the Odda process and the mixed acid
process.
Ammonium phosphate nitrate (APN), nitric
phosphates and ammonium nitrophosphates are
nitrophosphate fertilizers produced by reacting
phosphate rock with nitric acid.
In the mixed acid process, calcium nitrate does not
precipitate and separate. The water-solubility of
phosphate is increased by adding phosphoric acid to
decrease the CaO:P
2O
5 ratio. The mixed acid route
covers a range of formulations with the nitrogen to phosphorus (N:P
2O
5) ratio ranging between0.5 and 2.0.
Mixed acid 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品