アセチルコエンザイムA ナトリウム塩 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
解説
アセチル補酵素A。アセチル CoAとも書く。生体内で糖質，脂質，アミノ酸などの代謝過程の出発点となる重要な中間代謝物質で，コエンザイムAとアセチル基がエネルギーに富んだチオエステル結合をしている。ドイツの F.リネンによって酵母から単離され (1951) ，構造が明らかにされた。これより先，アメリカの生化学者 F.リップマンは，解糖系で生じたピルビン酸が呼吸のクレブス回路に流入するとき活性型酢酸となることを示唆していたが，その正体がアセチルコエンザイムAだったのである。
ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典 ブリタニカ
説明
Acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-
CoA), the thioester of CoA and acetic acid, is a pivotal molecule in biological systems. Foremost, it serves as a source of carbon for the Krebs cycle, for the synthesis of fatty acids, and for isoprenoid-
based protein modifications. Acetyl-
CoA also serves as an intermediate in oxidation of fatty acids and amino acids and is formed by the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate in mitochondria. It is an essential cofactor or substrate for acetyltransferases and acyltransferases, as in the post-
translational modification of proteins and in the synthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
使用
Acetyl-Coenzyme A is used to assay CAT enzyme activity in cell extracts using radioisotopes. CAT enzyme activity in cell extracts catalyzes the transfer of acetyl groups from acetylcoenzyme A to chloramphenicol. A number of assays have been developed to measure CAT activity in cell extracts. Acetyl-Coenzyme A has also been used to determine citrate synthase activity.
一般的な説明
Acetyl-Coenzyme A, trilithium salt
代謝
Acetyl coenzyme A, the precursor of the acetate-malonare pathway, is a metabolite of extreme importance in both primary and secondary metabolism. In every living organism, there exists a metabolie pool of acetyl CoA which is continually replenished and depleted. Glycolysis and the catabolism of fatty acids and amino acids produce acetyl CoA, while this compound is the precursor of a host of primary and secondary metabolites, including fatty acids, terpenoids, steroids, polyketides, aromatic compounds and acetyl esters and amides. The conversion of acetyl CoA to citrate and other tricarboxylic acids leads to the formation of the amino acids and their products, such as the nucleic acids and alkaloids.
Acetyl CoA is also central to the catabolism of glucose and the fatty acids, which, through the tricarboxylic acid cycle, are the main reaction sequences producing the energy necessary for metabolie processes.
In plants, an enzyme, acetyl CoA synthetase, catalyses the formation of the thiol ester from acetate.
アセチルコエンザイムA ナトリウム塩 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品