1-テトラデカノール 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色, 結晶又は塊
定義
本品は、次の化学式で表される脂肪族アルコールである。
溶解性
水に不溶, エタノール, アセトンに易溶。エタノール及びアセトンに極めて溶けやすく、水にほとんど溶けない。
解説
1-テトラデカノール，白色の固体．融点37.9 ℃，沸点292 ℃．水に不溶，エーテルに可溶．界面活性剤の原料，化粧品の軟化剤や増粘剤などに用いられる．
森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
用途
化粧品原料、有機合成、可塑剤原料
用途
可塑剤原料、有機合成中間体、洗剤?化粧品原料
原料由来
飽和高級アルコール（植物系のみ）
化粧品の成分用途
エモリエント剤、非水系増粘剤、起泡剤、親水性増粘剤、乳化安定剤、香料
製造
1-テトラデカノール，テトラデシルアルコールともいう．マッコウクジラなどの鯨油中に脂肪酸エステルの形で存在する．これをけん化するか，ミスチリン酸メチルを水素化アルミニウムリチウムで還元することで得られる．
効能
硬化剤
特徴
高純度の飽和高級アルコール。
化学的特性
white low melting solid or flakes
使用
1-Tetradecanol is used as an ingredient in cosmetics such as cold creams. It is an active intermediate in the chemical synthesis of sulfated alcohol. It is also employed in the fabrication of temperature-regulated drug release system based on phase-change materials. It plays a vital role in filling the hollow interiors of gold nanocages in the fabrication of new theranostic system, which has unique feature of photoacoustic imaging.
調製方法
Myristyl alcohol is found in spermaceti wax and sperm oil, and may
be synthesized by sodium reduction of fatty acid esters or the
reduction of fatty acids by lithium aluminum hydride. It can also be
formed from acetaldehyde and dimethylamine.
定義
ChEBI: 1-Tetradecanol is a long-chain fatty alcohol that is tetradecane in which one of the terminal methyl hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group It is a long-chain primary fatty alcohol, a fatty alcohol 14:0 and a primary alcohol.
一般的な説明
Colorless thick liquid (heated) with a faint alcohol odor. Solidifies and floats on water.
空気と水の反応
Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
1-Tetradecanol is an alcohol. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. They react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water. Oxidizing agents convert them to aldehydes or ketones. Alcohols exhibit both weak acid and weak base behavior. They may initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides.
健康ハザード
Low toxicity. Overexposure causes some central nervous system depression. Prolonged skin contact causes skin irritation.
応用例（製薬）
Myristyl alcohol is used in oral, parenteral, and topical pharmaceutical
formulations. It has been evaluated as a penetration
enhancer in melatonin transdermal patches in rats.
Myristyl alcohol has also been tested as a bilayer stabilizer in
niosome formulations containing ketorolac tromethamine,and
zidovudine.Niosomes containing myristyl alcohol showed a considerably slower release rate of ketorolac tromethamine than
those containing cholesterol.This was also observed with the
zidovudine formulation.
安全性
Myristyl alcohol is used in oral parenteral, and topical pharmaceutical
formulations. The pure form of myristyl alcohol is mildly toxic
by ingestion and may be carcinogenic; experimental tumorigenic
data are available.It is also a human skin irritant. In animal
studies of the skin permeation enhancement effect of saturated fatty
alcohols, myristyl alcohol exhibited a lower effect when compared
with decanol, undecanol, or lauryl alcohol but caused greater skin
irritation.A study investigating contact sensitization to myristyl
alcohol revealed that patch testing of myristyl alcohol 10%
petrolatum should not be carried out owing to observed irritant
effects; thus the use of a lower concentration of myristyl alcohol for
such tests (5% petrolatum) was recommended.Myristyl alcohol
has been associated with some reports of contact allergy.(8,9)A moderate-to-severe erythema and moderate edema are seen when
75 mg is applied to human skin intermittently in three doses over 72
hours.
LD
50(rabbit, skin): 7.1 g/kg
LD
50(rat, oral): 33.0 g/kg
貯蔵
The bulk material should be stored in a well-closed container in a
cool, dry place.
純化方法
Crystallise the alcohol from aqueous EtOH. It has also been purified by zone melting. [Beilstein 1 IV 1864.]
不和合性
Myristyl alcohol is combustible when exposed to heat or flame. It
can react with oxidizing materials. When heated to decomposition,
it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
規制状況(Regulatory Status)
Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (oral tablet:
sustained-release; and topical formulations: cream, lotion, suspension).
Included in nonparenteral (topical cream) formulations
licensed in the UK.
1-テトラデカノール 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品