| | Hazard Information | Back Directory |  | [Definition] 
 ChEBI:Phosphoramide mustard is a nitrogen mustard and a phosphorodiamide.
 |  | [Biological Activity] 
 Phosphoramide mustard is the active metabolite of cyclophosphamide (HY-17420) with antitumor activity. It induces DNA damage.
 |  | [in vitro] 
 
   Phosphoramide mustard causes cytotoxicity through forming cross-linked DNA adducts which inhibit DNA strand separation during replication. It (3-6 μM; 48 hours) reduces cell viability in rat spontaneously immortalized granulosa cells ( SIGCs).
 Phosphoramide mustard (3-6 μM; 24-48 hours) induces DNA adduct formation and ovarian DNA damage.
 It (3-6 μM; 24-48 hours) increases DNA damage responses (DDR) gene mRNA expression levels and DDR proteins.
 
        Cell Viability Assay    | Cell Line: | SIGCs |   | Concentration: | 0.5 μM, 1 μM, 3 μM, 6 μM |   | Incubation Time: | 48 hours |   | Result: | Reduced ce ll viability at concentrations of 3 μM and higher. |    RT-PCR    | Cell Line: | SIGCstr> |   | Concentration: | 3 μM, 6 μM |   | Incubation Time: | 24 hours, 48 hours |   | Result: | Increased DDR gene mRNA expression levels. |    Western Blot Analysis    | Cell Line: | SIGCs< /tr> |   | Concentration: | 3 μM, 6 μM |   | Incubation Time: | 24 hours, 48 hours |   | Result: | Generally increased DDR pro teins. |            |  | [target] 
 
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