| Identification | Back Directory | [Name]
Palmatine chloride | [CAS]
10605-02-4 | [Synonyms]
Palmatine HCL
PALMATINE CHLORIDE
BERBERICINE CHLORIDE
PalMatin hydrochloride
PALMATINE HYDROCHLORIDE
2,3,9,10-TETRAMETHOXYPROTOBERBERINCHLORIDE
2,3,9,10-Tetramethoxy-5,6-dihydroisoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinolin-7-ium chloride
Palmatine chloride
2,3,9,10-Tetramethoxy-5,6-dihydroisoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinolin-7-ium chloride | [Molecular Formula]
C21H22ClNO4 | [MDL Number]
MFCD00016656 | [MOL File]
10605-02-4.mol | [Molecular Weight]
387.86 |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Melting point ]
205℃ | [storage temp. ]
Hygroscopic, Refrigerator, under inert atmosphere | [solubility ]
Chloroform (Slightly), DMSO (Slightly) | [form ]
Solid | [color ]
Yellow | [InChI]
InChI=1S/C21H22NO4.ClH/c1-23-18-6-5-13-9-17-15-11-20(25-3)19(24-2)10-14(15)7-8-22(17)12-16(13)21(18)26-4;/h5-6,9-12H,7-8H2,1-4H3;1H/q+1;/p-1 | [InChIKey]
RLQYRXCUPVKSAW-UHFFFAOYSA-M | [SMILES]
C12=CC3=C(C(OC)=C(OC)C=C3)C=[N+]1CCC1C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC2=1.[Cl-] |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [Usage]
antibacterial, antimalarial, uterine contractant | [Description]
Corydalis paUida yields this alkaloid which occurs in the quaternary base fraction.
The alkaloid is separated by droplet countercurrent chromatography and crystallizes from H20 as yellow-green needles. | [Description]
Palmatine is an alkaloid that has been found in C. rhizoma and has diverse biological activities.1,2,3,4,5 It inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE; IC50s = 0.51 and 6.84 μM, respectively).1 Palmatine (20, 40, and 80 μM) reduces Zika virus infection of Vero cells in a concentration-dependent manner.2 In vivo, palmatine (50 and 100 mg/kg) reduces colonic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and IL-10, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels, as well as protects mucosal integrity in a mouse model of colitis induced by dextran sulfate (DSS; Item No. 23250).3 It reduces stomach ulcer area in a rat model of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers.4 Palmatine (10 and 20 mg/kg) reduces the number of small intestine and colon tumors in the ApcMin+/- mouse model of multiple intestinal neoplasia.5 | [Chemical Properties]
It is easily soluble in hot water, slightly soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol or chloroform, and almost insoluble in ether. It is derived from the alkaloids extracted from the Chinese herbal medicine Huangteng. | [Uses]
antibacterial, antimalarial, uterine contractant | [Uses]
Palmatine Chloride is a protoberberine alkaloid, as a potential anti-inflammatory and anti-hypertensive agent. | [in vivo]
Palmatine (50 or 100 mg/kg; p.o.; daily for 7 days) ameliorates DSS (dextran sulfate sodium)-induced colitis and prevents infiltration of inflammatory cells[1].?
Palmatine (0-200 mg/kg; i.p.; once) attenuates D-galactosamine/Lipopolysaccharides (HY-D1056)-induced fulminant hepatic failure in mice[2].?
Palmatine (0-1 mg/kg; i.p.; 10 days) shows memory-enhancing activity in mice[4].?
Palmatine (33.75-135 mg/kg; p.o.; daily for 26 days) can effectively inhibit the growth of HCT-116 xenografts in mice[5]. | Animal Model: | DSS- induced Colitis BALB/c mice model (8-week-old)[1] | | Dosage: | 50 or 100 mg/kg | | Administration: | Orally, daily, for 7 days | | Result: | Ameliorated DSS-induced colitis and prevented infiltration of inflammatory cells; remarkably extended the colon length; significantly suppressed the colonic MPO activity. Decreased the levels of colonic inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4 and IL-10); Protected mucosal integrity by modulating TJs protein and apoptosis proteins; Restored DSS-induced decreases of TJ protein ZO-1, ZO-2 and claudin-1; Reduced Bax expression and enhanced Bcl-2 expression at the dose of 100?mg/kg, prevented epithelial apoptosis and improved intestinal integrity. Prevented DSS-induced changes of gut microbiota in colitis mice. |
| Animal Model: | Male ICR mice (20–22 g), D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide (GalN/LPS)-induced fulminant hepatic failure model[2] | | Dosage: | 25, 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg | | Administration: | Intraperitoneal injection, 1 h before the GalN/LPS treatment | | Result: | Attenuated the mortality and serum aminotransferase activities increased by GalN/LPS. Prevented the increase of serum TNF-α and augmented that of serum IL-10. Decreased the TNF-a mRNA expression and increased the IL-10 mRNA expression. Attenuated the apoptosis of hepatocytes.
|
| Animal Model: | Swiss young male albino mice, with Scopolamine (HY-N0296)- and diazepam-induced amnesia model[4] | | Dosage: | 0.1, 0.5, 1 mg/kg | | Administration: | Intraperitoneal injection, 10 days | | Result: | Significantly improved learning and memory of mice at 0.5 and 1 mg/kg and did not show any significant effect on locomotor activity of the mice. Significantly reversed scopolamine- and diazepam-induced amnesia in mice. Significantly reduced brain acetylcholinesterase activity of mice. |
| Animal Model: | BALB/c-nude mice, HCT-116 xenograft model[5] | | Dosage: | 33.75, 67.5 and 135 mg/kg | | Administration: | Oral administration, once a day for 26 days | | Result: | The tumor volume and weight of the treatment group were significantly reduced. |
| [target]
Antifection | [IC 50]
IDO-1: 3 μM (IC50, HEK 293-hIDO-1); IDO-1: 157 μM (IC50, rhIDO-1); WNV NS2B-NS3: 96 μM (IC50) | [References]
Tani, Nakagura, Hattori, Yakugaku Zasshi, 95, 1103 (1975) |
|
|