Description
Cypermethrin-d5 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of cypermethrin (Item No. 24117) by GC- or LC-MS. Cypermethrin is a type II pyrethroid insecticide.1,2,3,4 It prolongs opening of sodium channels resulting in membrane depolarization and a conductance block of the insect nervous system, and point mutations in sodium channels induce cypermethrin-resistance in house flies, cockroaches, and mosquitos.3 Cypermethrin (1-1.5 mg) reduces survival of ticks (H. anatolicum) in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner.2 Topical administration of cypermethrin reduces the number of ticks on infested cattle. Cypermethrin (5 and 10 ppm) reduces survival of lice (D. ovis) in sheep fleece and prevents re-infestation in contact-challenged sheep for 7 and 19 weeks, respectively.1 It induces developmental neurotoxicities in zebrafish, increasing mortality and edema and inducing body-axis curvature when used at concentrations ranging from 50 to 200 μg/L.5 Cypermethrin (15 mg/kg twice weekly for 24 weeks) also induces Parkinson's disease-like neurodegeneration in rats, decreasing locomotor activity, dopamine production, and the number of tyrosine hydroxylase positive (TH+) neurons in the substantia nigra.4 Formulations containing cypermethrin have been used in the control of insects in agriculture and on commercial and residential premises.WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.
References
[1] HALL C A. THE EFFICIENCY OF CYPERMETHRIN (NRDC 149) FOR THE TREATMENT AND ERADICATION OF THE SHEEP LOUSE DAMALINIA OVIS[J]. Australian Veterinary Journal, 1978, 54 10: 471-472. DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1978.tb00289.x
[2] MUHAMMAD S SAJID. In vitro and in vivo efficacies of ivermectin and cypermethrin against the cattle tick Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum (Acari: Ixodidae).[J]. Parasitology Research, 2009, 105 4: 1133-1138. DOI: 10.1007/s00436-009-1538-2
[3] ZHAONONG HU . A sodium channel mutation identified in Aedes aegypti selectively reduces cockroach sodium channel sensitivity to type I, but not type II pyrethroids[J]. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2011, 41 1: Pages 9-13. DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2010.09.005
[4] ANAND KUMAR SINGH. A current review of cypermethrin-induced neurotoxicity and nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration.[J]. Current Neuropharmacology, 2012, 10 1: 64-71. DOI: 10.2174/157015912799362779
[5] AMY DEMICCO. Developmental neurotoxicity of pyrethroid insecticides in zebrafish embryos.[J]. Toxicological Sciences, 2010, 113 1: 177-186. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfp258
