9-Hexadecenoic-11,11,12,12,13,13,14,14,15,15,16,16,16-d13 acid, (9Z)-

Description

Palmitoleic acid-d₁₃ is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of palmitoleic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Palmitoleic acid is an ω-7 monounsaturated fatty acid that has been found in macadamia and sea buckthorn oils.^1,2 It increases basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and glucose transporter 4 (Glut4) protein levels in 3T3-L1 adipocytes when used at a concentration of 200 μM.³ Ex vivo, palmitoleic acid (300 mg/kg per day) increases glucose uptake and aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis and reduces de novo fatty acid synthesis and activity of the lipogenic enzymes ATP citrate lyase (ACL) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) in isolated murine adipocytes. Dietary administration of palmitoleic acid (300 mg/kg) reduces high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance and liver inflammation in mice.⁴

Uses

Palmitoleic acid-d13 is the deuterium labeled Palmitoleic acid. Palmitoleic acid, a composition of fatty acid, is implicated in the prevention of death from cerebrovascular disorders in SHRSP rats.

References

1. Yang, B., and Kallio, H.P. Fatty acid composition of lipids in sea buckthorn (Hippopha? rhamnoids L.) berries of different origins J. Agric. Food Chem. 49(4),1939-1947(2001).
2. Fard, A.M., Turner, A.G., and Willett, G.D. High-resolution electrospray-ionization fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of macadamia nut oil Aus. J. Chem. 56(5),499-508(2003).
3. Bolsoni-Lopes, A., Festuccia, W.T., Chimin, P., et al. Palmitoleic acid (n-7) increases white adipocytes GLUT4 content and glucose uptake in association with AMPK activation Lipids Health Dis. 13(199),1-10(2014).
4. Souza, C.O., Teixeira, A.A.S., Lima, E.A., et al. Palmitoleic acid (N-7) attenuates the immunometabolic disturbances caused by a high-fat diet independently of PPARɑ Mediators Inflamm. ,582197(2014).

Raw materials

Preparation Products