Melamine
- CAS No.
- 108-78-1
- Chemical Name:
- Melamine
- Synonyms
- 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine;Melamin;Cymel;2,4,6-Triamino-s-triazine;2,4,6-Triamino-1,3,5-triazine;1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine (Melamine);Aero;Triaminotriazine;Metformin EP Impurity D;MELAMINE(P)
- CBNumber:
- CB6324023
- Molecular Formula:
- C3H6N6
- Molecular Weight:
- 126.12
- MDL Number:
- MFCD00131581
- MOL File:
- 108-78-1.mol
- MSDS File:
- SDS
- TDS File:
- TDS
| Melting point | >300 °C (lit.) |
|---|---|
| Boiling point | 224.22°C (rough estimate) |
| bulk density | 800kg/m3 |
| Density | 1.573 |
| vapor pressure | 66.65 hPa (315 °C) |
| refractive index | 1.872 |
| Flash point | >110°C |
| storage temp. | no restrictions. |
| solubility | water: soluble25mg/mL, clear to slightly hazy, colorless |
| form | Fine Crystalline Powder |
| pka | 5(at 25℃) |
| color | White |
| PH | 7-8 (32g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Water Solubility | 3 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Thermal Conductivity | 0.167 W/(m·K) (low dens low k); 0.711 W/(m·K) (high dens high k) |
| Merck | 14,5811 |
| BRN | 124341 |
| Henry's Law Constant | 5.5×108 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, HSDB (2015) |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizing agents. Nonflammable. |
| Major Application |
cleaning products cosmetics food and beverages personal care |
| InChI | 1S/C3H6N6/c4-1-7-2(5)9-3(6)8-1/h(H6,4,5,6,7,8,9) |
| InChIKey | JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | Nc1nc(N)nc(N)n1 |
| LogP | -1.22 at 20℃ |
| Toxicology and Carcinogenesis | Carcinogenesis Bioassay of Melamine (CASRN 108-78-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Study) |
| Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC) Candidate List | Melamine (108-78-1) |
| FDA 21 CFR | 175.105; 175.300; 177.1630;177.2260 |
| Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances | MELAMINE |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 108-78-1(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| EWG's Food Scores | 2 |
| NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms | melanin |
| FDA UNII | N3GP2YSD88 |
| IARC | 2B (Vol. Sup 7, 73, 119) 2019 |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine(108-78-1) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Melamine (108-78-1) |
| ECETOC JACC REPORT | Melamine (108-78-1) |
| UNSPSC Code | 85151701 |
| NACRES | NA.24 |
SAFETY
Risk and Safety Statements
| Symbol(GHS) |  GHS08 |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Signal word | Warning | |||||||||
| Hazard statements | H361f | |||||||||
| Precautionary statements | P201-P202-P280-P308+P313-P405-P501 | |||||||||
| target organs | Urinary tract | |||||||||
| PPE | dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves | |||||||||
| Hazard Codes | Xi,Xn | |||||||||
| Risk Statements | 43-44-20/21 | |||||||||
| Safety Statements | 36/37 | |||||||||
| RIDADR | 3263 | |||||||||
| WGK Germany | 1 | |||||||||
| RTECS | OS0700000 | |||||||||
| Autoignition Temperature | >600 °C | |||||||||
| TSCA | TSCA listed | |||||||||
| PackingGroup | III | |||||||||
| HS Code | 29336980 | |||||||||
| Storage Class | 11 - Combustible Solids | |||||||||
| Hazard Classifications | Carc. 2 Repr. 2 STOT RE 2 |
|||||||||
| Hazardous Substances Data | 108-78-1(Hazardous Substances Data) | |||||||||
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 3161 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit > 1000 mg/kg | |||||||||
| REACH Registrations | Active | |||||||||
| NFPA 704 |
|
Melamine price More Price(59)
| Manufacturer | Product number | Product description | CAS number | Packaging | Price | Updated | Buy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sigma-Aldrich | 8.08614 | 2,4,6-Triamino-1,3,5-triazine for synthesis | 108-78-1 | 100g | $33.3 | 2026-04-30 | Buy |
| Sigma-Aldrich | 52549 | Melamine analytical standard | 108-78-1 | 250mg | $42.7 | 2026-04-30 | Buy |
| Sigma-Aldrich | 1379183 | Melamine United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard | 108-78-1 | 250mg | $427 | 2026-04-30 | Buy |
| TCI Chemical | T0337 | Melamine Monomer >98.0%(HPLC)(T) | 108-78-1 | 25g | $17 | 2026-04-30 | Buy |
| TCI Chemical | T0337 | Melamine Monomer >98.0%(HPLC)(T) | 108-78-1 | 500g | $20 | 2026-04-30 | Buy |
Melamine Chemical Properties, Uses, Production
Description
Melamine-formaldehyde resin (MFR) is an active ingredient of strong (reinforced) plasters. Sensitization was reported in a plaster-room technician, who applied resin-reinforced pIaster casts, and in dental technicians. MFR was contained in a strong dental pIaster used for mouldings. Used as a textile finish res in, it was also found to be an allergen in a women who replaced clothes in a store. MFR also releases formaldehyde, which may be the sensitizer.
Chemical Properties
Melamine is a white solid organic compound whose molecules consist of a sixmembered heterocyclic ring of alternate carbon and nitrogen atoms with three amino groups attached to the carbons. Condensation polymerization with methanal or other aldehydes produces melamine resins, which are important thermosetting plastics.
Uses
It is used to make high-pressure laminating resins (e.g., decorative countertops), molded compounds (e.g., dinnerware), and surface coating resins (e.g., appliance finishes and automotive topcoats). Additional major products are textile and paper treatment resins. Miscellaneous uses include adhesive resins for gluing lumber, plywood, and flooring, and resins for leather tanning agents. Melamine, melamine cyanurate, other melamine salts, and guanidine compounds are currently the most used group of nitrogencontaining flame retardants. Melamine is used as a flame retardant additive for polypropylene and polyethylene. Melamine cyanurate is employed commercially as a flame retardant for polyamides and terephthalates.
Uses
Forms synthetic resins with formaldehyde.
Definition
ChEBI: Melamine is a trimer of cyanamide, with a 1,3,5-triazine skeleton. It has a role as a xenobiotic metabolite. It is functionally related to a cyanamide. It is a conjugate base of a melamine(1+).
Production Methods
The compound now is synthesized from urea.
Definition
melamine: A white crystalline compound,C3N6H6. Melamine is a cycliccompound having a six-memberedring of alternating C and N atoms,with three NH2 groups. It can becopolymerized with methanal to givethermosetting melamine resins,which are used particularly for laminatedcoatings.
Production Methods
Melamine is prepared almost exclusively by the urea process—the action of ammonia on urea. It is produced worldwide.
Preparation
The standard route to melamine is from urea. Urea is
heated in the presence of ammonia at 250-350C and 4--20 MPa. The
reaction probably involves the simultaneous dehydration and hydration of
urea to form cyanamide and ammonium carbamate; trimerization of the
cyanamide then leads to melamine:
Thus only 50% of the urea used gives melamine in one step and ammonium carbamate has to be separated and converted to urea for recycling. Despite this limitation, the urea route is the most economical of currently available routes.
General Description
Colorless to white monoclinic crystals or prisms or white powder. Sublimes when gently heated.
Air & Water Reactions
Insoluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
Melamine is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and strong acids . Neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
Hazard
Toxic by ingestion, skin, and eye irritant. Questionable carcinogen.
Fire Hazard
Literature sources indicate that Melamine is nonflammable.
Contact allergens
Melamine-formaldehyde resin (MFR) results from condensation of melamine and formaldehyde. It is anactive ingredient of strong (reinforced) plasters, such as industrial or some dental plasters used for molding.It is also used as a textile finish resin. MFR acts as an allergen generally because of formaldehyde releasing (see Chap. 40)
Safety Profile
Moderately toxic by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. An eye, skin, and mucous membrane irritant. Causes dermatitis in humans. Questionable carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and tumorigenic data. Experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx and CN-.
Potential Exposure
Manufactured from urea, melamine is used in the manufacture of plastics, melamineformaldehyde resins; rubber, synthetic textiles; laminates, adhesives, and molding compound
First aid
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least 15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure, begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and induce vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.
Carcinogenicity
A bioassay of melamine was conducted in rats and mice by NTP. Male F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice were administered melamine in their diets at concentrations of 2250 or 4500 ppm daily for 103 weeks.Female rats were fed 4500 or 9000 ppm melamine. At the end of 111 weeks, surviving animals were killed and examined.
storage
Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Store in a secure poison location. Prior to working with this chemical you should be trained on its proper handling and storage. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from strong oxidizers and strong acids. Where possible, automatically pump liquid from drums or other storage containers to process containers. A regulated, marked area should be established where this chemical is handled, used, or stored in compliance with OSHA Standard 1910.1045.
Purification Methods
Crystallise Melamine from water or dilute aqueous NaOH. It sublimes at ~240o on prolonged heating. [Beilstein 26 I 74, 26 II 132, 26 III/IV 1253.]
Incompatibilities
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Melamine neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents such as hydrides, nitrides, alkali metals, and sulfides.
Toxics Screening Level
The initial risk screening level (IRSL) for melamine is 1.5 μg/m3 based on an annual averaging time.
Melamine Preparation Products And Raw materials
Raw materials
1of2
Preparation Products
1of5
| Supplier | Tel | Country | ProdList | Advantage | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nantong Bona Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. | 15706295026 15706295026 | sale@bonactc.com | China | 377 | 58 |
| Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co.,LTD | 400-6206333 13167063860 | anhua.mao@aladdin-e.com | China | 29985 | 65 |
| Guangzhou Haoyu International Trade Co., Ltd. | 18818407278 | 278220866@qq.com | China | 18 | 58 |
| Jingzhou Yinjie Chemical Co., Ltd | 18008658728 | 2718637152@qq.com | China | 2819 | 58 |
| Shandong Zhongyuan Chemical Co., Ltd | 19812484234 19812484234 | 840301290@qq.com | China | 56 | 58 |
| Hubei Zhonglong Kangsheng fine chemical Co.,Ltd | 027-83850125 15927542930 | 3321236220@qq.com | China | 997 | 58 |
| shandongyushuohuagongyouxiangongsi | 18866159232 18866159232 | 1914388224@qq.com | China | 246 | 58 |
| Qingdao Minxinda Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. | 15580094078 15562636207 | 501165633@qq.com | China | 48 | 58 |
| J & K SCIENTIFIC LTD. | 18210857532 18210857532 | jkinfo@jkchemical.com | China | 96815 | 76 |
| Meryer (Shanghai) Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. | 4006356688 18621169109 | market03@meryer.com | China | 40202 | 62 |
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Related Questions
Ask a questionView Latest Price from Melamine manufacturers
| Image | Update time | Product | Price | Min. Order | Purity | Supply Ability | Manufacturer | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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2026-09-14 | Melamine
108-78-1
|
0.99 | RongNa Biotechnology Co.,Ltd | ||||
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2026-09-14 | Melamine
108-78-1
|
1kg/Bag | ≥98% | 50 T/Month | Hebei Qujie Technology Co., Ltd. | ||
 |
2026-09-14 | Melamine
108-78-1
|
$75.00-100.00 | 1kg | 99% | 5000Ton | HEBEI SHENGSUAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO.,LTD |
