2-プロピン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色～ほとんど無色透明液体
解説
プロピン，アセチレン系炭化水素の一つ。異性体のプロパジエンとともに溶接の燃料などに用いられる。炭化マグネシウムMg2C3の加水分解，あるいは金属アセチリドとヨウ化メチルから得られる．無色の気体．融点－102.7 ℃，沸点－23.2 ℃．d-500.7026．d-401.3863．エタノールに易溶，有機溶媒に可溶，水にかなり可溶．金属と不溶性のアセチリドを生成する．容易にアレンに異性化する．
用途
合成中間体
応用
化学原料プロピンは合成ゴムやプラスチック薬品溶剤など多くの化学製品の原料として使用されます溶接および切断プロピンはアセチレンの代わりとして高温を必要とする溶接や金属切断の場面で使用されることがあります研究用途科学研究ではプロピンは特定の化学反応の研究や有機合成の中間体として利用されます
化学的特性
Propyne,C3H4, is a colorless, highly flammable, and explosive
gas. Sources of propyne emissions to the atmosphere
include automobile and turbine exhaust, biomass and
polymer combustion, petroleum manufacturing, and tobacco
smoke.
使用
Propyne is produced by thermal or catalytic pyrolysis of
propene. Like acetylene, propyne is used as a welding torch
fuel, as a specialty fuel, and chemical intermediate.
安全性
プロピンは高い反応性と燃焼性を持つため取り扱いには十分な注意が必要です特に次の点に注意すべきです
一般的な説明
A colorless liquefied gas with a sweet odor. Mp: -104°C, bp: -23.1°C. Insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol, chloroform and benzene. Moderately toxic by inhalation. Used as a speciality fuel. Denser than air. Vapors may ignite at distant sources of ignition and flash back.
空気と水の反応
Highly flammable. PEROXIDE FORMING WHICH LEADS TO EXPLOSIONS
反応プロフィール
Propyne is highly flammable. The liquid material in cylinders contains about 30% propadiene. Detonation may occur at 95° C [MCA Case History No. 632]. Reacts exothermically with many oxidizing agents and with some reducing agents as well. May react with silver, copper, and mercury salts in aqueous solution to give explosive acetylides. Incompatible with brass that contains more than 65% copper, with other copper-containing alloys, with Monel metal, with neoprene, polyethylene, and, to a lesser extent, with Teflon. May enflame in air in the presence of Co, Hg, Hg salts, K, Ag, Ag salts, RbH, CsH, halogens, HNO3, NaH. Can decompose explosively when compressed to 4.5 to 5.6 atmospheres. Moderate explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame or by spontaneous chemical reaction. Has been known to decompose explosively at high pressures and moderate temperatures in the absence of air.
危険性
Flammable, dangerous fire risk. Toxic by
inhalation. Central nervous system impairment.
健康ハザード
At high concentrations methyl
acetylene causes narcosis in animals, and it is
expected that severe exposure will produce the
same effect in humans.
化学性质
プロピン別名メチルアセチレンは化学式C3H4を持つ炭化水素でアルキンの一種ですこのガスは無色であり非常に反応性が高く燃焼性がありますプロピンの分子は一つの三重結合を含んでいるため他の化合物と容易に反応して様々な化学製品を生成することが可能です
生産方法
プロピンは主に石油精製の副産物として製造されますこの過程では長い炭化水素鎖を持つ石油成分が熱分解されより短い分子に分裂しますこの熱分解の過程でプロピンのような小さなアルキンが生成されるのです
安全性プロファイル
Ths compound is a
simple anesthetic and in high concentration
is an asphyxiant. Mutation data reported.
Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat
or flame; can react vigorously with oxibzing
materials. Explosive in the form of vapor
when exposed to heat or flame. Localized
heating of liquid-containing cylinders to
95°C may cause an explosion. Product of
reaction with silver nitrate ignites at 150°C.
A commercial mixture containing 30%
propyne in MAPP gas is similar to ethylene
in potential hazards and handling
requirements. To fight fire, stop flow of gas.
When heated to decomposition it emits
acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also
ACETYLENE COMPOUNDS.
職業ばく露
This material may be used as a liquid
rocket propellant, in admixture with propadiene as an
industrial cutting fuel.
環境運命予測
Chemical/Physical. When passed through a cold solution containing hydrobromite ions, 1-bromo-1-propyne was formed (Hatch and Kidwell, 1954).
Combustion products include carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water vapor.
輸送方法
UN3161 Liquefied gas, flammable, n.o.s.,
Hazard Class: 2.1; Labels: 2.1-Flammable gas, Technical
Name Required. Cylinders must be transported in
a secure upright position, in a well-ventilated truck.
Protect cylinder and labels from physical damage. The
owner of the compressed gas cylinder is the only entity
allowed by federal law (49CFR) to transport and refill
them. It is a violation of transportation regulations
to refill compressed gas cylinders without the express
written permission of the owner.
純化方法
Purify it by preparative gas chromatography. [Beilstein 1 H 246.]
不和合性
Forms explosive gas mixture with air. The
liquid material in cylinders contains about 30% propadiene.
Detonation may occur at 95C. May form explosive peroxides. Can decompose explosively on heating and @
4.55.6 atmospheres of pressure. Strong oxidizers may cause
fire and explosions. Forms shock sensitive compounds with
copper, magnesium, silver and their alloys. Copper or copper
alloys containing more than 67% copper should not be used
in handling equipment. Attacks some plastics, rubber and
coatings.
廃棄物の処理
Return refillable compressed
gas cylinders to supplier. Dissolve or mix the material
with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal,
state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.
2-プロピン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品