三硫化二砒素 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
解説
…硫化カリウム，硫化ナトリウム，水酸化ナトリウムの水溶液に溶ける。［三硫化二ヒ素］ 化学式As2S3。ギリシア･ローマ時代から黄色の顔料として知られていた。…
株式会社平凡社 世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報
特徴
配位数3：2，層状構造
化学的特性
Orpiment, As2S3, deep orange crystals to over 1 cm in a small group
物理的性質
Yellow or orange monoclinic crystal or powder; a red allotrope modification also known; density 3.46 g/cm
3; melts at 310°C; boils at 707°C; insoluble in water; soluble in liquid ammonia and alkalies.
天然物の起源
Arsenic sesquisulfide occurs in nature as the mineral orpiment. It is used as a pigment; in the manufacture of infrared-transmitting glass; in semiconductors and photoconductors; in pyrotechnics; in linoleum and oil cloth; for the removal of hairs from hides; and as a reducing agent.
使用
manufacture of glass, particularly infrared-transmitting glass; manufacture of oil cloth, linoleum; in electrical semiconductors, photoconductors; as pigment; for depilating hides; in pyrotechnics.
製造方法
Arsenic sesquioxide may be prepared by heating arsenic trioxide with hydrogen sulfide:
As
2O
3 + 3 H
2S → As
2S
3 + 3 H
2O
Alternatively, it may be precipitated out from a solution of arsenous acid or arsenic trioxide in dilute hydrochloric acid by passing hydrogen sulfide into the solution:
2H
3AsO
3 + 3H
2S → As
2S
3 + 6H
2O.
定義
Arsenic(III) sulfide (Arsenic tri-sulfide glass) is a glassy material. It is important as the window of a cell for a sample containing water.
一般的な説明
A yellow or red crystalline solid or powder. Combustible. Insoluble in water. Toxic by inhalation (dust) and ingestion.
空気と水の反応
Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
ARSENIC (III) SULFIDE is dissolved by alkalis and by hydrochloric acid (slowly). Decomposed by nitric acid. May react with oxidizing agents to generate heat and products that may be flammable, combustible, or otherwise reactive. The reactions may be violent. ARSENIC (III) SULFIDE reacts with concentrated solutions of chloric acid with incandescence [Mellor Supp. II Part I:584 1956]. Generates toxic gaseous hydrogen sulfide on contact with acids.
健康ハザード
(Acute and sub-acute poisoning are not common.) Repeated inhalation causes irritation of nose, laryngitis, mild bronchitis. Ingestion causes weakness, loss of appetite, gastrointestinal disturbances, peripheral neuritis, occasional hepatitis. Contact with eyes causes irritation. Irritates skin, especially where moist; if not treated, may cause ulceration.
火災危険
Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. Substance may be transported in a molten form.
工業用途
As
2S
3 (orpiment) and As
2S
2 (realgar) have been used as early as 2000 BC as drugs, for example, to cure cancerous tumours, ulcers and other diseases of the time. Later, Galen (130 200 AD) recommended the application of a paste of arsenic sulfide against ulcers.
安全性プロファイル
Confirmed human
carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic
data. A poison. Reacts violently with H202,
(m03 + S). When heated to
decomposition or on contact with acid or
acid fumes it emits highly toxic fumes of
S02, H2S, and As. Reacts with water or
steam to emit toxic and flammable vapors.
職業ばく露
Arsenic trisulfide is used in the manufacture
of glass, oil cloth, linoleum, electrical semiconductors,
fireworks and used as a pigment.
輸送方法
UN1557 Arsenic compounds, solid, n.o.s. inorganic,
including arsenates, n.o.s.; arsenites, n.o.s.; arsenic
sulfides, n.o.s.; and organic compounds of arsenic, n.o.s.,
Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.
不和合性
A strong reducing agent; avoid contact
with oxidizers (such as perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates,
chlorates, and nitrates) and potassium nitrate mixed
with sulfur, since violent reactions occur. Water contact
forms hydrogen sulfide. Incompatible with acids, halogens.
Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas.
廃棄物の処理
Consult with environmental
regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal
practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant
(≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing
storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.
参考文献
N. Morimoto, Miner. J. Japan, 1, 160 (1954), DOI: 10.2465/minerj1953.1.160.
三硫化二砒素 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品