パラキサンチン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色～ほとんど白色粉末～結晶
定義
本品は、次の化学式で表される複素環式化合物である。
解説
パラキサンチン，針状晶．融点298～299 ℃．pKa1 8.6．エタノール，エーテルに不溶，熱水，アンモニア水，塩酸に可溶．メチル化するとカフェインとなる．
森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
化粧品の成分用途
皮膚コンディショニング剤
製造
パラキサンチン，プリンの誘導体で，カフェインの代謝産物として尿中に存在する．テオブロミン，テオフィリンなどの異性体．1,7-ジメチルグアニンを亜硝酸で処理すると得られる．
説明
Paraxanthine is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 9 (PDE9) and an antagonist of adenosine receptors A
1 and A
2 (K
is = 35 and 22 μM, respectively in equine forebrain tissues). It is the main metabolite of caffeine in humans, making up 80% of the three dimethylxanthine metabolites produced by caffeine demethylation. Paraxanthine increases locomotor activity and counteracts adenosine receptor agonist-induced motor depression in rats not habituated to caffeine. At a dose of 30 mg/kg, paraxanthine induces a significant increase in striatal cGMP and extracellular striatal dopamine concentrations
in vivo. It also promotes wakefulness and increases locomotor activity and core temperature in narcoleptic transgenic mice without increasing behavioral anxiety.
化学的特性
Off-White to Pale Yellow Solid
使用
1,7-Dimethylxanthine has been used for the quantification of caffeine by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
一般的な説明
Paraxanthine is a major plasma and urinary metabolite of caffeine. This xanthine derivative is, along with caffeine, a central nervous system stimulant. This Snap-N-Spike
reference solution is applicable for caffeine quantitation in clinical toxicology or urine drug testing by LC-MS/MS or GC/MS.
安全性プロファイル
An experimental teratogen. Mutation data reported. Whenheated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.
Source
Paraxanthine (1,7-dimethylxanthine) is a metabolite of caffeine that can be found naturally in small amounts in some foods, including green coffee beans, cotyledonary leaves of Coffea arabica, Theobroma cacao fruits, roasted coffee beans, citrus flowers and Sicilian orange flower honey. However, it is predominantly found as the major metabolite of caffeine, accounting for approximately 70%–72% of ingested caffeine[1].
パラキサンチン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品