亜鉛ジフルオリド 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
解説
フッ化亜鉛ZnF2(103.39)．亜鉛塩水溶液にフッ化ナトリウム水溶液を加えると四水和物が得られる．無水物は四水和物をフッ化水素中で脱水すると得られる．無色の針状結晶．密度4.84 g cm－3．融点872 ℃．アンモニアに可溶，水，酸に微溶．ほうろう，うわぐすり，めっき，触媒，フッ素化剤，白アリ駆除剤などに用いられる．毒物．
応用
亜鉛フッ化物はその特性から様々な産業で有効活用されています
説明
Zinc fluoride (ZnF2) is an inorganic chemical compound. Zinc fluoride is used in the fluorination of organic compounds, in the manufacturing of phosphors for fluorescent lights, in preserving wood, in electroplating baths, in galvanizing steel, and in ceramic manufacturing for glazes and enamels. It is also used as a termite repellent, in pharmaceuticals (e.g. the inhibition of dentin demineralization and collagen degradation), as a flux for welding and soldering (e.g. aluminum).
化学的特性
White powder. Soluble in hot acids; slightly soluble
in water; insoluble in alcohol.
物理的性質
Anhydrous zinc fluoride is a white hygroscopic solid; tetragonal needles; density 4.9 g/cm
3; melts at 872°C; vaporizes at 1,500°C; vapor pressure 1 torr at 1,243°C and 5 torr at 1,328°C; practically insoluble in water, 5.2 mg/L; sparingly soluble in HCl, HNO
3 and ammonia solution
The hydrated salt, ZnF
24H
2O, is a white crystalline solid; rhombohedral crystals; density 2.30 g/cm3; loses water of crystallization at 100°C; sparinglysoluble in water, about 1.52 g/100mL at 20°C.
使用
Zinc fluoride is a white crystalline powder, used in the manufacture of phosphors for fluorescent lights. It also is used in electroplating baths, in preservation of wood, in glazes and enamels for ceramics, and in fluorination reactions of organics.
製造方法
Zinc fluoride may be prepared by heating zinc hydroxide or zinc carbonate with hydrogen fluoride:
Zn(OH)2 + 2HF → ZnF2 + 2H2O
ZnCO3 + 2HF → ZnF2 + CO2 + H2O
Also, it can be precipitated by adding a solution of sodium fluoride to that of zinc acetate:
(CH3COO)2Zn + 2NaF → ZnF2 + 2CH3COONa
安全性
亜鉛フッ化物は取扱いに注意が必要な化学物質です吸入や皮膚に触れることは健康に悪影響を及ぼす可能性がありますそのため適切な保護具を着用し適切な換気のある場所でのみ使用することが重要ですまた環境への放出を避けるために使用後の処理も厳格に行う必要があります
危険性
Toxic material.
生産方法
亜鉛フッ化物は主に二つの方法で製造されます
安全性プロファイル
Poison by
subcutaneous route. Can react violently with
potassium. A fluorination agent. When
heated to decomposition it emits toxic
fumes of F and ZnO. See also
FLUORIDES and ZINC COMPOUNDS.
概要
亜鉛フッ化物はその特有の化学的・物理的性質から多岐にわたる分野で有用な材料として活用されていますただしその取扱いには十分な注意と適切な管理が求められる重要な物質であることを忘れてはなりません
純化方法
A possible impurity is H2O which can be removed by heating at 100o or by heating to 800o in a dry atmosphere. Heating in the presence of NH4F produces larger crystals. It is sparingly soluble in H2O (1.51g/100mL) but more soluble in HCl, HNO3 and NH4OH. It can be stored in glass bottles. [Kwasnik in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p 242 1963.]
参考文献
W.H. Baur, A.A. Khan, Acta Crystallogr., Sect. B, 11, 488 (1958), DOI: 10.1107/S0365110X58001353.
参考文献
[1] http://www.npi.gov.au/resource/zinc-and-compounds
[2] https://hazmap.nlm.nih.gov/category-detailsid=7782&table=copytblagents
[3] Patent EP 0001677 A1: Flux for soft soldering of aluminum, a fluxed solder composition containing said flux and a method of soft soldering aluminum using said flux
亜鉛ジフルオリド 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品