ゲルマニウム(IV)テトラクロリド 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色澄明の液体
溶解性
水に溶ける。
解説
GeCl4(214.45)．二酸化ゲルマニウムを塩酸に溶解するか，ゲルマニウムを塩素気流中で加熱すると得られる．ゲルマニウムの塩化物中もっとも安定で，常温で無色の液体．融点－49.5 ℃，沸点84.0 ℃．密度1.84 g cm－3．水と徐々に反応して酸化ゲルマニウム(Ⅳ)と塩酸になる．GeCl4は有機化合物と付加物をつくりやすく有機溶媒によく溶ける．GeCl4の揮発性はゲルマニウムの精製に利用される．
化学的特性
Colorless liquid. decomposes in water. Insoluble in concentrated
hydrochloric acid; soluble in carbon disulfide, chloroform,
benzene, alcohol, and ether.
物理的性質
Colorless liquid; density 1.879 g/cm
3 at 20°C and 1.844 g/cm
3 at 30°C; refractive index 1.464; boils at 86.5°C; solidifies at -49.5°C; decomposes in water; soluble in alcohol, ether, benzene, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride; insoluble in concentrated hydrochloric and sulfuric acids.
使用
Germanium(IV) chloride is used in the microwave preparation of Ge2Cl6, a colorless crystalline material which was included in a further study of low-valent germanium compounds.1
Germanium(IV) chloride is used in the preparation of many germanium compounds.
危険性
Toxic material
安全性プロファイル
Poison by intravenous
route. Mddly toxic by inhalation. A skin,
severe eye, and mucous membrane irritant.
Will react violently with water or steam to
produce toxic and corrosive fumes. When
heated to decomposition it emits toxic
fumes of Cl-. See also GERMANIUM
COMPOUNDS.
純化方法
Traces of Cl2 and HCl can be removed from the liquid by blowing dry air through it for a few hours at room temperature or by shaking it with Hg or Hg2Cl2 and then fractionating it in a vacuum. It decomposes on heating at 950o. It has a sharp penetrating odour and fumes in moist air to give a chalky coat of GeO2. It is slowly hydrolysed by H2O to give GeO2, but distils from conc HCl. [Foster et al. Inorg Synth II 109 1946, Dennis & Hance J Am Chem Soc 44 304 1922, Schenk in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p 715 1963.] LACHRYMATORY. Glass powder (100-300 mesh). Washed with 10% HNO3, water and dry in air.
ゲルマニウム(IV)テトラクロリド 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品