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Thapsigargin

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CAS:67526-95-8
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CAS:67526-95-8
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CAS:67526-95-8
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CAS:67526-95-8
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Products Intro: Product Name:THAPSIGARGIN
CAS:67526-95-8
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  • 2024-10-22
  • CAS:67526-95-8
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Thapsigargin Basic information
Background
Product Name:Thapsigargin
Synonyms:THAPSIGARGIN;Octanoic acid, (3S,3aR,4S,6S,6aR,7S,8S,9bS)-6-(acetyloxy)-2,3,3a,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9b-decahydro-3,3a-dihydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-8-[[(2Z)-2-methyl-1-oxo-2-buten-1-yl]oxy]-2-oxo-4-(1-oxobutoxy)azuleno[4,5-b]f uran-7-yl ester;(3S,3aR,4S,6S,6AR,7S,8S,9bS)-6-(Acetyloxy)-2,3,3a,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9b-decahydro-3,3a-dihydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-8-[[(2Z)-2-methyl-1-oxo-2-butenyl]oxy]-2-oxo-4-(1-oxobutoxy)azuleno[4,5-b]furan-7-yl octanoate;Octanoic acid [(3S)-6α-acetoxy-2,3,3a,4,5,6,6aα,7,8,9bβ-decahydro-3β,3aα-dihydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-8β-[[(Z)-2-methyl-1-oxo-2-butenyl]oxy]-2-oxo-4β-(1-oxobutoxy)azuleno[4,5-b]furan]-7α-yl ester;Thapsigargin,97%;Octanoic Acid (3S,3aR,4S,6S,6aR,7S,8S,9bS)-6-(Acetyloxy)-2,3,3a,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9b- decahydro-3,3a-dihydroxy-3,6,9-triMethyl-8-[[(2Z)-2-Methyl-1-oxo-2-butenyl]oxy]-2-oxo-4-(1-oxobutoxy)azuleno[4,5-b]furan-7-yl Ester;Octanoic Acid [3S-[3α,3aβ,4α,6β,6aβ,7β,8α(Z),9bα]]-6-(Acetyloxy)-2,3,3a,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9b-decahydro-3,3a-dihydroxy-3,6,9-triMethyl-8-[(2-Methyl-1-oxo-2-butenyl)oxy]-2-oxo-4-(1-oxobutoxy)azuleno[4,5-b]furan-7-yl Ester;Thapsigargin (TG)
CAS:67526-95-8
MF:C34H50O12
MW:650.75
EINECS:614-076-3
Product Categories:plantgrowth;Adenosinetriphosphatase (microsomal calcium)Cell Signaling and Neuroscience;Antitumor Agents;Intracellular Calcium RegulatorsCancer Research;Intracellular Calcium Signaling;Therapy Adjuncts;A to;Enzyme Inhibitors by Enzyme;Calcium signaling;Signalling;Apoptosis;Heterocycles;Inhibitors;Intermediates & Fine Chemicals;Pharmaceuticals
Mol File:67526-95-8.mol
Thapsigargin Structure
Thapsigargin Chemical Properties
Boiling point 597.77°C (rough estimate)
density 1.1521 (rough estimate)
refractive index 1.6390 (estimate)
RTECS RH0325700
storage temp. -20°C
solubility DMSO: soluble
form liquid or film
pka10.57±0.70(Predicted)
color Colorless
biological sourceplant (Thapsia garganica)
Sensitive Light Sensitive
Stability:Stable for 1 year from date of purchase as supplied. Solutions in DMSO or ethanol may be stored at -20° for up to 1 week.
InChIKeyIXFPJGBNCFXKPI-FSIHEZPISA-N
SMILES[H][C@@]12C([C@H](OC([C@]3(O)C)=O)[C@]3(O)[C@@H](OC(CCC)=O)C[C@]2(C)OC(C)=O)=C(C)[C@H](OC(/C(C)=C(C)/[H])=O)[C@H]1OC(CCCCCCC)=O
CAS DataBase Reference67526-95-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes Xn,T
Risk Statements 36/37/38-42
Safety Statements 26-36/37/39
RIDADR UN 2811 6.1/PG 2
WGK Germany 3
HS Code 29181990
Storage Class11 - Combustible Solids
Hazard ClassificationsEye Irrit. 2
Resp. Sens. 1
Skin Irrit. 2
STOT SE 3
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
SigmaAldrich English
ACROS English
Thapsigargin Usage And Synthesis
DescriptionThapsigargin is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactone isolated from the umbelliferous plant Thapsia garganica. It is a non-competitive, cell permeable inhibitor of calcium transport by SERCAs (IC50 values are cell type-dependent and range from ~2-80 nM). This tumor promoter releases Ca2+ from intracellular stores by specifically inhibiting the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase; it does not directly affect plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPases, Ins 1,4,5-P3 production or protein kinase C activity. This effect is a result of emptying the intracellular calcium stores, which leads to a chain of events that causes apoptosis.
Chemical PropertiesThapsigargin (TG) is colourless film. It is extracted from the plant Thapsia garganica L. with methanol and purified by HPLC. TG is a tumor promoting plant sesquiterpene lactone extract with a unique biological activity as Ca2+ -ATPase inhibitors in animal cells. It is a skin irritant, a platelet activating, inflammatory and tumor promoting agent. TG is toxic and a possible carcinogen.
UsesTHAPSIGARGIN is a widely used inhibitor of the ubiquitous sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPases in mammalian cells. It acts as a potent, cell-permeable, IP3-independent intracellular calcium releaser that blocks the transient increase in intracellular Ca2+ induced by angiostatin and endostatin. It induces apoptosis by disrupting intracellular free Ca2+ levels.
DefinitionChEBI: Thapsigargin is an organic heterotricyclic compound that is a hexa-oxygenated 6,7-guaianolide isolated fron the roots of Thapsia garganica L., Apiaceae. A potent skin irritant, it is used in traditional medicine as a counter-irritant. Thapsigargin inhibits Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase mediated uptake of calcium ions into sarcoplasmic reticulum and is used in experimentation examining the impacts of increasing cytosolic calcium concentrations. It has a role as an EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor and a calcium channel blocker. It is a sesquiterpene lactone, an organic heterotricyclic compound and a butyrate ester.
Biochem/physiol ActionsThapsigargin is an effective inhibitor of calcium ion pumps located on sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) microsomes of skeletal, cardiac, muscle and brain tissues. The inhibition of calcium ion pumps causes intracellular increase of calcium ion levels. It was found that thapsigargin at 100 nM concentration effectively inhibited the SR Ca2+- adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) in cardiac and skeletal muscles. Thapsigargin was also reported to be effective in blocking autophagy by interfering with the autophagosome-lysosome fusion.
storageStore at -20°C
Mode of actionThe actual mechanism of action of thapsigargin is thought actually to block calcium channels in an open conformation that results in excess calcium entry from outside the cell. Excess calcium activates DNAses and precipitates the natural death sequence of the cells.Scientists are now thinking of modifying thapsigargin in such a way thatit will kill prostate cells preferentially and will not penetrate healthy cells elsewhere in the body.At the same time, they are determining whether this drug can also induce cell death in breast cancer cells.
BackgroundThapsigargin is a cell-permeable sesquiterpene lactone derived from the plant Thapsia garganica that acts as a tumor promoter in mammalian cells. Studies show that thapsagargin causes a rapid increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations via discharge of intracellular Ca2+ stores. Research indicates that this increase in cytosolic calcium results from the specific inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPases, and does not involve the hydrolysis of inositol phospholipids or protein kinase C. This disruption of calcium homeostasis is widely used in research studies to induce ER stress. Conflicting information regarding the role of thapsigargin in autophagy has been reported, but recent evidence points to thapsigargin inhibiting autophagy by blocking autophagosome fusion with lysosomes.
References[1] M TREIMAN  S B C  C Caspersen. A tool coming of age: thapsigargin as an inhibitor of sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPases.[J]. Trends in pharmacological sciences, 1998, 19 4: 131-135. DOI:10.1016/s0165-6147(98)01184-5
[2] LIJUN ZHOU. Autophagy-mediated insulin receptor down-regulation contributes to endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced insulin resistance.[J]. Molecular Pharmacology, 2009, 76 3: 596-603. DOI:10.1124/mol.109.057067
Thapsigargin Preparation Products And Raw materials
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