The GABRR2 antibody is a specialized tool used to detect the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor subunit ρ2 (GABRR2), a key component of the GABAA receptor family. GABAA receptors are ligand-gated ion channels mediating inhibitory neurotransmission in the central nervous system. The ρ2 subunit, encoded by the *GABRR2* gene, is primarily associated with the ρ-subunit-containing GABAA receptors (formerly termed GABAC receptors), which are predominantly expressed in the retina but also found in select brain regions. These receptors are involved in regulating visual processing and synaptic plasticity.
GABRR2 antibodies are crucial for studying the receptor's expression, localization, and functional roles in physiological and pathological contexts. They enable researchers to investigate protein levels via techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. Dysregulation of GABRR2 has been linked to neurological and psychiatric disorders, including epilepsy, schizophrenia, and retinal degenerative diseases. Mutations in *GABRR2* may alter receptor function, contributing to impaired inhibitory signaling.
These antibodies also aid in exploring therapeutic targets, as GABAA receptors are major sites for anxiolytics, sedatives, and anticonvulsants. By characterizing GABRR2 expression patterns in disease models, researchers aim to uncover mechanisms underlying GABAergic dysfunction and develop precision treatments. The specificity and validation of GABRR2 antibodies are critical to ensure accurate detection, given the structural similarities among GABAA receptor subunits.