CXCL9. a member of the CXC chemokine family, is a small cytokine primarily induced by interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and plays a critical role in Th1-mediated immune responses. Also known as monokine induced by gamma interferon (MIG), CXCL9 binds to the CXCR3 receptor expressed on activated T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and other immune cells, facilitating their recruitment to sites of inflammation or infection. It is implicated in various pathological conditions, including autoimmune diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis), chronic infections, and cancer, where it can exhibit dual roles—either promoting anti-tumor immunity or contributing to immune evasion depending on the context.
CXCL9 antibodies are essential tools for detecting and quantifying CXCL9 expression in research and diagnostic settings. These antibodies enable the study of CXCL9's spatial and temporal distribution in tissues, serum, or cell cultures through techniques like ELISA, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and flow cytometry. They are particularly valuable in exploring CXCL9's role in modulating immune cell infiltration, tumor microenvironment dynamics, and disease progression. Additionally, CXCL9 antibodies aid in biomarker discovery, helping correlate chemokine levels with clinical outcomes in inflammatory disorders or cancer immunotherapy responses. High specificity and sensitivity are critical for these applications, driving continuous optimization of antibody validation protocols.