TSG101 (tumor susceptibility gene 101) antibody is a widely used tool in biomedical research targeting the TSG101 protein, a key component of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery. Discovered in 1996 through studies linking its dysfunction to tumorigenesis, TSG101 plays critical roles in membrane remodeling, vesicle trafficking, and protein sorting, particularly in multivesicular body (MVB) formation, viral budding, and cytokinesis. It is essential for HIV-1 release, exosome secretion, and cellular processes like autophagy and cell cycle regulation.
TSG101 antibodies are primarily employed to detect and quantify TSG101 expression in techniques such as Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunoprecipitation. Researchers use these antibodies to study cancer biology, neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer’s), viral pathogenesis, and extracellular vesicle dynamics. Commercial TSG101 antibodies are often generated against specific epitopes (e.g., human TSG101 amino acids 1-150) and validated across species like humans, mice, and rats. Common clones include 4A10 and C2.
Due to TSG101's functional diversity, its antibodies help dissect molecular mechanisms in membrane scission, receptor degradation, and cell division. However, specificity validation (e.g., knockout cell controls) is crucial, as off-target binding has been reported. Major suppliers include Cell Signaling Technology, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, and Abcam, each offering antibodies optimized for distinct applications.