NEK1 (NIMA-related kinase 1) is a serine/threonine kinase involved in diverse cellular processes, including cell cycle regulation, DNA damage response, microtubule dynamics, and cilia formation. It is encoded by the *NEK1* gene, and mutations in this gene have been linked to human diseases, notably amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and short-rib thoracic dysplasia. NEK1 dysfunction is particularly associated with ALS pathogenesis, where homozygous mutations or reduced expression disrupt DNA repair and neuronal homeostasis.
NEK1 antibodies are essential tools for studying the protein's expression, localization, and functional roles. They are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence to detect NEK1 in cell lines, tissues, or animal models. Commercially available antibodies target specific epitopes, such as the N-terminal or kinase domains, enabling researchers to investigate NEK1’s post-translational modifications or interaction partners.
Research utilizing NEK1 antibodies has advanced understanding of its dual role in health and disease. For instance, studies reveal NEK1’s involvement in the DNA damage response through interactions with proteins like ATM/ATR, and its regulatory effects on primary cilia in developmental disorders. In ALS, NEK1 antibody-based assays help identify pathogenic variants and assess therapeutic strategies targeting kinase activity or protein stability. However, challenges remain in antibody specificity and standardization across experimental models, necessitating rigorous validation. Overall, NEK1 antibodies remain pivotal in elucidating molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for NEK1-related diseases.