Lysyl oxidase-like 3 (LOXL3) is a member of the lysyl oxidase (LOX) family, which comprises copper-dependent enzymes critical for extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. These enzymes catalyze the cross-linking of collagen and elastin by oxidizing lysine residues, thereby maintaining tissue integrity and biomechanical properties. LOXL3 shares structural homology with other LOX family members but exhibits distinct expression patterns and functional roles. It is broadly expressed in various tissues, including the heart, lungs, and reproductive organs, and plays roles in embryonic development, connective tissue homeostasis, and cellular differentiation. Beyond its canonical enzymatic activity, LOXL3 has been implicated in transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), linking it to cancer progression, fibrosis, and metabolic disorders.
LOXL3 antibodies are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and molecular interactions. They are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence to investigate LOXL3's tissue-specific roles. Dysregulation of LOXL3 has been observed in cancers (e.g., melanoma, gastric, and breast cancer), where it may promote metastasis, angiogenesis, and therapy resistance. Antibodies targeting LOXL3 also aid in exploring its non-enzymatic functions, such as modulating signaling pathways (e.g., TGF-β, Notch) or interacting with transcription factors. Additionally, LOXL3 antibodies hold potential for therapeutic development, as inhibiting LOXL3 could suppress pathological ECM remodeling in fibrotic diseases or tumor microenvironments. Ongoing research aims to clarify its dual roles in tissue repair versus disease progression, emphasizing the need for reliable antibody tools.