The SH2D3A antibody targets the SH2 domain-containing protein 3A (SH2D3A), also known as Crk-associated substrate lymphocyte-type (CAS-L) or NEDD9-like protein. SH2D3A is a signaling adaptor protein involved in regulating cell migration, adhesion, and immune responses. It contains an N-terminal SH2 domain that binds phosphorylated tyrosine residues on receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) or cytokine receptors, facilitating downstream signaling pathways such as Ras/MAPK and PI3K/AKT. This protein plays roles in immune cell activation, angiogenesis, and cancer progression, with studies linking its dysregulation to tumor metastasis and inflammatory diseases.
SH2D3A antibodies are primarily used in research to detect protein expression, localization, and interaction partners in cellular models or tissues. They are critical for techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and co-immunoprecipitation to study SH2D3A's function in signaling networks. Commercial antibodies are typically validated for specificity against human, mouse, or rat isoforms. Research has highlighted SH2D3A's role in modulating integrin signaling and cytoskeletal dynamics, particularly in T-cells and endothelial cells. Abnormal SH2D3A expression has been observed in cancers (e.g., breast, colorectal) and autoimmune disorders, making it a potential biomarker or therapeutic target. However, functional studies require careful validation due to its structural similarity to other SH2 domain proteins.