The EPHB4 antibody targets EPHB4. a member of the Eph receptor tyrosine kinase family, which plays critical roles in cell-cell communication, tissue patterning, and vascular development. EPHB4 interacts with its ligand EFNB2 to regulate bidirectional signaling, influencing cell adhesion, migration, and angiogenesis. Notably, EPHB4 is essential for venous specification during embryogenesis, where its activation ensures proper blood vessel formation. Dysregulation of EPHB4 signaling is implicated in pathologies, including cancer and vascular disorders. Overexpression of EPHB4 has been observed in malignancies such as breast, colorectal, and ovarian cancers, where it promotes tumor growth, metastasis, and resistance to therapy by enhancing angiogenesis and survival pathways.
EPHB4 antibodies are therapeutic or research tools designed to block receptor-ligand interactions or inhibit downstream signaling. Preclinical studies show that anti-EPHB4 antibodies can suppress tumor progression by disrupting angiogenesis and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. Additionally, they are explored for treating conditions like retinopathy and atherosclerosis, where abnormal vascular remodeling occurs. Challenges include optimizing specificity to minimize off-target effects and understanding context-dependent signaling outcomes, as EPHB4 can exhibit both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressive roles depending on the microenvironment. Current research focuses on antibody-drug conjugates and combination therapies to enhance efficacy, positioning EPHB4 as a promising yet complex target in precision medicine.