CXCL1. also known as growth-regulated oncogene-alpha (GROα) or keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), is a small chemokine belonging to the CXC subfamily. It plays a critical role in inflammation, immune response, and cancer progression by binding to its receptor CXCR2. primarily mediating neutrophil recruitment to sites of injury or infection. CXCL1 is secreted by various cell types, including macrophages, epithelial cells, and tumor cells, and is upregulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, TNF-α) or cellular stress. In pathological contexts, dysregulated CXCL1 expression is linked to chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune disorders, and tumorigenesis, where it promotes angiogenesis, metastasis, and immune evasion.
CXCL1 antibodies are essential tools for detecting and neutralizing CXCL1 in research and therapeutic applications. These antibodies enable the study of CXCL1's spatial expression, signaling pathways, and interactions within disease microenvironments using techniques like immunohistochemistry, ELISA, and Western blot. Neutralizing antibodies, in particular, block CXCL1-CXCR2 interactions, offering potential therapeutic strategies to mitigate inflammation or inhibit cancer progression. Recent studies highlight their utility in preclinical models of colitis, arthritis, and cancers (e.g., breast, melanoma), demonstrating reduced neutrophil infiltration and tumor growth. However, challenges remain in optimizing specificity and minimizing off-target effects for clinical translation. Overall, CXCL1 antibodies are pivotal in unraveling the chemokine's multifaceted roles and advancing targeted therapies.