KCNA3 antibodies target the Kv1.3 voltage-gated potassium channel, encoded by the *KCNA3* gene. This channel plays a critical role in regulating membrane potential and cellular excitability, particularly in immune cells (e.g., T and B lymphocytes) and neurons. Kv1.3 facilitates potassium efflux during lymphocyte activation, influencing calcium signaling and cytokine production. Dysregulation of Kv1.3 is linked to autoimmune diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis), neuroinflammatory disorders, and certain cancers. Antibodies against KCNA3 are essential research tools for studying channel expression, localization, and function. They are used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry to explore Kv1.3's role in immune responses or neurological pathways. Therapeutic interest in Kv1.3 inhibitors, including monoclonal antibodies, has grown due to their potential to suppress overactive immune cells without broad immunosuppression. However, KCNA3 antibodies may also arise pathologically in autoimmune contexts, contributing to channel dysfunction. Research continues to clarify their diagnostic and therapeutic utility, balancing the need for targeted immunomodulation against risks of off-target effects.