Human growth hormone 1 (HGH1), also known as somatotropin, is a peptide hormone essential for growth regulation, metabolism, and cell repair. Produced by the anterior pituitary gland, HGH1 stimulates tissue growth via insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and influences lipid, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism. Antibodies targeting HGH1 are critical tools in research, diagnostics, and therapeutics. In research, they enable the detection and quantification of HGH1 in biological samples using techniques like ELISA, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry, aiding studies on growth disorders, pituitary function, and hormone-related pathologies. Clinically, HGH1 antibodies are employed in diagnostic kits to assess growth hormone deficiency or excess (e.g., gigantism, acromegaly). Therapeutic applications include the development of anti-HGH1 biologics to neutralize excessive hormone activity in conditions like acromegaly or certain cancers. However, challenges persist, such as ensuring antibody specificity to avoid cross-reactivity with structurally similar hormones (e.g., placental GH) and optimizing pharmacokinetics for clinical use. Advances in recombinant antibody engineering and epitope mapping continue to refine HGH1 antibody efficacy, supporting personalized medicine approaches and deeper insights into growth hormone signaling pathways.