DUOX2抗体;DUOX2 Antibody—艾普蒂

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     The image is immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded Human brain tissue using P13286(DUOX2 Antibody) at dilution 1/20. (Original magnification: ×200)    

  
  

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     The image is immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded Human esophagus cancer tissue using P13286(DUOX2 Antibody) at dilution 1/20. (Original magnification: ×200)    

  
  

DUOX2 (Dual Oxidase 2) is a membrane-bound enzyme belonging to the NADPH oxidase family, primarily expressed in thyroid follicular cells and epithelial tissues of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. It plays a critical role in generating hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), a reactive oxygen species (ROS) essential for thyroid hormone biosynthesis. In the thyroid, DUOX2-derived H₂O₂ serves as a substrate for thyroid peroxidase (TPO) to iodinate tyrosine residues on thyroglobulin, a key step in producing thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). DUOX2 also contributes to innate immune defense by producing ROS in response to microbial threats at mucosal surfaces.

Autoantibodies targeting DUOX2 have been identified in autoimmune thyroid disorders, particularly Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease. These antibodies may interfere with H₂O₂ production, impairing thyroid hormone synthesis and exacerbating hypothyroidism. Emerging evidence links DUOX2 dysfunction to chronic inflammatory conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), where altered ROS signaling disrupts mucosal homeostasis. While DUOX2 autoantibodies are less characterized than TPO or thyroglobulin antibodies, their detection could provide insights into disease mechanisms or serve as biomarkers in specific patient subsets. Research continues to explore their clinical relevance, including associations with disease severity and extra-thyroidal manifestations. Understanding DUOX2 antibody dynamics may improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.