The glutathione S-transferase alpha 5 (GSTA5) antibody is a tool used to detect and study the GSTA5 protein, a member of the glutathione S-transferase (GST) family. GSTs are phase II detoxification enzymes that catalyze the conjugation of glutathione (GSH) to electrophilic compounds, facilitating the elimination of toxins, carcinogens, and oxidative stress byproducts. The GSTA subclass, including GSTA5. is primarily expressed in the liver, kidneys, and other tissues involved in xenobiotic metabolism.
GSTA5 specifically plays a role in cellular defense against oxidative damage and chemical carcinogens. It is implicated in metabolic pathways regulating drug resistance, inflammation, and apoptosis. Research on GSTA5 has focused on its potential association with diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and liver pathologies, where oxidative stress or detoxification imbalances are prominent.
Antibodies against GSTA5 enable the investigation of its expression, localization, and function in biological samples through techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF). These antibodies are critical for identifying GSTA5 as a biomarker in disease progression or therapeutic response. Studies using GSTA5 antibodies may also explore its interactions with other proteins or its regulatory mechanisms under stress conditions. As GST isoforms often exhibit tissue-specific expression and functional redundancy, GSTA5-specific antibodies help dissect its unique roles in cellular physiology and pathology.