HNRNPAB (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A/B) is a member of the hnRNP family, which comprises RNA-binding proteins involved in various aspects of RNA metabolism, including splicing, transport, stability, and translation. HNRNPAB, also known as HNRPDL or ABBP1. contains RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) that enable interactions with RNA and other proteins. It plays a role in mRNA processing, particularly in regulating alternative splicing and mRNA export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Dysregulation of HNRNPAB has been implicated in cancer progression, where its overexpression promotes tumor metastasis, proliferation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in malignancies such as hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, and breast cancer.
Antibodies targeting HNRNPAB are essential tools for studying its molecular functions and pathological roles. They are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunoprecipitation to detect protein expression levels, subcellular localization, and interactions with RNA or partner proteins. Commercially available HNRNPAB antibodies are typically raised against specific epitopes, such as the N-terminal or C-terminal regions, and validated for specificity across human and other model organisms. In research, these antibodies help elucidate HNRNPAB's involvement in stress granule formation, viral RNA processing, and its potential as a biomarker for cancer prognosis. Understanding HNRNPAB's mechanisms may also inform therapeutic strategies targeting RNA-binding proteins in disease contexts.