The sulfite oxidase (SUOX) antibody is a crucial tool in biomedical research for studying the enzyme sulfite oxidase, which plays a vital role in sulfur metabolism. Sulfite oxidase catalyzes the oxidation of sulfite to sulfate, a critical step in detoxifying sulfites generated during cysteine and methionine metabolism. This mitochondrial enzyme requires molybdenum and heme cofactors for activity, and its dysfunction is linked to severe genetic disorders like sulfite oxidase deficiency (SOD) and molybdenum cofactor deficiency (MoCD), both characterized by neurological impairment and early mortality.
SUOX antibodies are widely used to detect and quantify the enzyme’s expression in tissues, particularly in the liver, kidneys, and brain, where sulfite oxidase is highly active. Researchers employ these antibodies in techniques such as Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF) to investigate SUOX localization, expression levels, and potential post-translational modifications. Additionally, SUOX antibodies aid in studying pathological mechanisms underlying sulfite-related toxicity and metabolic disorders. Recent studies also explore SUOX’s role in oxidative stress, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases, given its involvement in redox homeostasis. By enabling precise detection of sulfite oxidase, SUOX antibodies contribute to advancing diagnostic approaches and therapeutic strategies for conditions linked to sulfur metabolism dysregulation.