**Background of GPX1 Antibody**
Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) is a key antioxidant enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides, protecting cells from oxidative damage. As a member of the glutathione peroxidase family, GPX1 utilizes glutathione as a co-substrate to neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS), playing a critical role in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. Dysregulation of GPX1 has been implicated in various pathologies, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes, making it a significant research target.
GPX1 antibodies are essential tools for detecting and quantifying GPX1 expression in biological samples. These antibodies are widely used in techniques such as Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). They enable researchers to study GPX1 localization, expression levels, and interactions under different physiological or pathological conditions. Polyclonal and monoclonal GPX1 antibodies are available, each offering distinct advantages in specificity and sensitivity.
Validation of GPX1 antibodies is crucial, as cross-reactivity with other GPX isoforms (e.g., GPX2-GPX8) can occur. Knockout cell lines or tissues are often employed to confirm antibody specificity. Commercially sourced GPX1 antibodies are typically raised in hosts like rabbits or mice, with immunogens derived from human or mouse GPX1 sequences. Research involving GPX1 antibodies continues to advance understanding of oxidative stress-related mechanisms and therapeutic strategies targeting antioxidant pathways.