The D-lactate dehydrogenase (DLDH) antibody is a tool used to detect and study the enzyme D-lactate dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the conversion of D-lactate to pyruvate in the reversible oxidation of D-lactic acid. Unlike the more common L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), DLDH specifically acts on the D-isomer of lactate, a metabolite often associated with microbial fermentation or pathological conditions in mammals. D-lactic acidosis, linked to gut dysbiosis, short bowel syndrome, or metabolic disorders, involves elevated D-lactate levels, making DLDH a biomarker of interest. DLDH antibodies are utilized in research to investigate enzyme expression, localization, and function in tissues, particularly in studies involving mitochondrial metabolism, anaerobic energy pathways, and diseases like diabetes, cancer, or neurological disorders. These antibodies enable techniques such as Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence, aiding in understanding DLDH's role in cellular redox balance, energy production, and its potential involvement in pathological lactate accumulation. Recent studies also explore DLDH in microbial communities, emphasizing its relevance in host-microbe interactions and metabolic diseases.