Chemical Safety Data Sheet MSDS / SDS
ETHYLENE OXIDE
Revision Date:2026-03-21Revision Number:1
Product identifier
- Product name: ETHYLENE OXIDE
- CBnumber: CB2709651
- CAS: 75-21-8
- EINECS Number: 200-849-9
- Synonyms: Oxane;E.O.
Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against
- Relevant identified uses: For R&D use only. Not for medicinal, household or other use.
- Uses advised against: none
Company Identification
- Company: Chemicalbook
- Address: Building 1, Huihuang International, Shangdi 10th Street, Haidian District, Beijing
- Telephone: 010-86108875
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
-
Symbol(GHS)
- Signal wordDanger
P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.
P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower.
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P210 Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking.
P202 Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
Hazard statements
H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
H350 May cause cancer
H340 May cause genetic defects
H336 May cause drowsiness or dizziness
H335 May cause respiratory irritation
H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage
H280 Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated
H220 Extremely flammable gas
Substance
- Product name: ETHYLENE OXIDE
- Synonyms: Oxane;E.O.
- CAS: 75-21-8
- EC number: 200-849-9
- MF: C2H4O
- MW: 44.05
General advice
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
If inhaled
After inhalation: fresh air. Call in physician.
In case of skin contact
In case of skin contact: Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/ shower. Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact
After eye contact: rinse out with plenty of water. Call in ophthalmologist. Remove contact lenses.
If swallowed
After swallowing: immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most). Consult a physician.
Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
The most important known symptoms and effects are described in the labelling (see section 2) and/or in section 11
Protection of first-aiders
For personal protection see section 8.
Notes to physician
No data available
Suitable extinguishing media
Water Foam Carbon dioxide (CO2) Dry powder
Unsuitable extinguishing media
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
Specific hazards during fire fighting
Combustible. Vapors are heavier than air and may spread along floors. Forms explosive mixtures with air on intense heating. Development of hazardous combustion gases or vapours possible in the event of fire.
Hazardous combustion products
Carbon oxides Sulfur oxides
Specific extinguishing methods
Remove container from danger zone and cool with water. Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet. Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.
Special protective equipment for fire-fighters
Stay in danger area only with self-contained breathing apparatus. Prevent skin contact by keeping a safe distance or by wearing suitable protective clothing.
NFPA 704
3
4
3
| HEALTH | 3 | Short exposure could cause serious temporary or moderate residual injury (e.g. liquid hydrogen, sulfuric acid, calcium hypochlorite, hexafluorosilicic acid) | |
| FIRE | 4 | Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, or is readily dispersed in air and will burn readily. Includes pyrophoric substances. Flash point below room temperature at 22.8 °C (73 °F). (e.g. acetylene, propane, hydrogen gas) | |
| REACT | 3 | Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition but requires a strong initiating source, must be heated under confinement before initiation, reacts explosively with water, or will detonate if severely shocked (e.g. ammonium nitrate, cesium, hydrogen peroxide) | |
| SPEC. HAZ. |
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Advice for non-emergency personnel: Do not breathe vapors, aerosols. Avoid substance contact. Ensure adequate ventilation. Keep away from heat and sources of ignition. Evacuate the danger area, observe emergency procedures, consult an expert. Advice for emergency responders: For personal protection see section 8.
Environmental precautions
Do not let product enter drains.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Cover drains. Collect, bind, and pump off spills. Observe possible material restrictions (see sections 7 and 10). Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material . Dispose of properly. Clean up affected area.
Handling
Advice on protection against fire and explosionKeep away from open flames, hot surfaces and sources of ignition. Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
Advice on safe handling
Work under hood. Do not inhale substance/mixture. Avoid generation of vapours/aerosols.
Avoidance of contact
Acid chlorides Phosphorus halides Strong acids Strong oxidizing agents Strong reducing agents
Storage
Further information on storage conditionsTightly closed. Keep in a well-ventilated place. Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.
Storage class
6.1C, Combustible, acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic compounds or compounds which causing chronic effects
Recommended storage temperature
Recommended storage temperature see product label.
Ingredients with workplace control parameters
Biological occupational exposure limits
Engineering measures
No data available
Personal protective equipment
Respiratory protectionrequired when vapours/aerosols are generated.
Our recommendations on filtering respiratory protection are based on the following standards: DIN EN 143, DIN 14387 and other accompanying standards relating to the used respiratory protection system.
Recommended Filter type
Our recommendations on filtering respiratory protection are based on the following standards: DIN EN 143, DIN 14387 and other accompanying standards relating to the used respiratory protection system.
Filter type ABEK
The entrepeneur has to ensure that maintenance, cleaning and testing of respiratory protective devices are carried out according to the instructions of the producer. These measures have to be properly documented.
Eye/face protection
The entrepeneur has to ensure that maintenance, cleaning and testing of respiratory protective devices are carried out according to the instructions of the producer. These measures have to be properly documented.
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Safety glasses
Skin and body protection
Safety glasses
protective clothing
Hand protection
Remarks
required
Hygiene measures
Immediately change contaminated clothing. Apply preventive skin protection. Wash hands and face after working with substance.
Information on basic physicochemical properties
- Physical stateColorless gas
- Dielectric constant14.0（-4℃）
- Oxidizing propertiesThe substance or mixture is not classified as oxidizing.
- Explosive propertiesNot explosive
- Flow timeNo data available
- Viscosity, kinematicNo data available
- Viscosity, dynamicNo data available
- Decomposition temperature> 190 °C
- Autoignition temperature301 °C
- Partition coefficient: n-octanol/waterlog Pow: -1.35
- Water solubilitycompletely miscible
- Density1.104 g/cm3 (20 °C)
- Relative density0.882 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
- Relative vapor density2.70
- Vapor pressure0.55 mbar (20 °C) 4 hPa (50 °C)
- Lower explosion limit / Lower flammability limit3.5 %(V)
- Upper explosion limit / Upper flammability limit42 %(V)
- Self-ignition300 - 302 °C
- Burning rateNo data available
- Flammability (liquids)No data available
- Flammability (solid, gas)No data available
- Evaporation rateNo data available
- Flash point87 °C
Method: ASTM D 93, closed cup - Boiling point/boiling range189 °C (1,013 hPa)
- Melting point/ range18.4 °C
- pHNot applicable
- Odor ThresholdNo data available
- Odorsulfurous
- Colorcolorless
- Appearanceliquid, clear
- Solubility in other solventsAlcohol soluble: soluble
- Particle characteristics Particle sizeNo data available
- Molecular weight78.13 g/mol
- Surface tension43.5 mN/m, 20 °C
Reactivity
Forms explosive mixtures with air on intense heating. A range from approx. 15 Kelvin below the flash point is to be rated as critical.
Chemical stability
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
Possibility of hazardous reactions
No data available
Conditions to avoid
Strong heating.
Incompatible materials
Acid chlorides Phosphorus halides Strong acids Strong oxidizing agents Strong reducing agents
Hazardous decomposition products
In the event of fire: see section 5
11.1 Information on toxicological effects
Mixture Acute toxicityAcute toxicity estimate Oral - > 5,000 mg/kg (Calculation method)
Acute toxicity estimate Inhalation - 4 h - > 40 mg/l - vapor(Calculation method)
Dermal: No data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
Acute toxicity estimate Inhalation - 4 h - > 40 mg/l - vapor(Calculation method)
Dermal: No data available
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Serious eye damage/eye irritation
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Respiratory or skin sensitization
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Germ cell mutagenicity
Possible mutagen
Carcinogenicity
Possible carcinogen.
Reproductive toxicity
May harm the unborn child.
May impair fertility.
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure
May impair fertility.
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Aspiration hazard
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
11.2 Additional Information
To the best of our knowledge, the chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated.
Other dangerous properties can not be excluded.
This substance should be handled with particular care.
Components dimethyl sulphoxide
Other dangerous properties can not be excluded.
This substance should be handled with particular care.
Acute toxicity
LD50 Oral - Rat - male and female - 28,300 mg/kg (OECD Test Guideline 401)
LC0 Inhalation - Rat - male and female - 4 h - > 5.33 mg/l - dust/mist (OECD Test Guideline 403)
LD50 Dermal - Rat - male and female - 40,000 mg/kg
Remarks: (ECHA)
LC0 Inhalation - Rat - male and female - 4 h - > 5.33 mg/l - dust/mist (OECD Test Guideline 403)
LD50 Dermal - Rat - male and female - 40,000 mg/kg
Remarks: (ECHA)
Skin corrosion/irritation
Skin - Rabbit
Result: slight irritation - 4 h (OECD Test Guideline 404)
Result: slight irritation - 4 h (OECD Test Guideline 404)
Serious eye damage/eye irritation
Eyes - Rabbit
Result: slight irritation - 24 h (OECD Test Guideline 405)
Result: slight irritation - 24 h (OECD Test Guideline 405)
Respiratory or skin sensitization
Maximization Test - Guinea pig
Result: negative (OECD Test Guideline 406)
Local lymph node assay (LLNA) - Mouse
Result: negative (OECD Test Guideline 429)
Germ cell mutagenicity
Result: negative (OECD Test Guideline 406)
Local lymph node assay (LLNA) - Mouse
Result: negative (OECD Test Guideline 429)
Test Type: Ames test
Test system: Salmonella typhimurium
Result: negative
Test Type: sister chromatid exchange assay
Test system: Chinese hamster ovary cells
Result: negative
Test Type: Mutagenicity (mammal cell test): chromosome aberration.
Test system: Chinese hamster ovary cells
Result: negative
Method: OECD Test Guideline 474
Species: Rat - male and female
Result: negative
Carcinogenicity
Test system: Salmonella typhimurium
Result: negative
Test Type: sister chromatid exchange assay
Test system: Chinese hamster ovary cells
Result: negative
Test Type: Mutagenicity (mammal cell test): chromosome aberration.
Test system: Chinese hamster ovary cells
Result: negative
Method: OECD Test Guideline 474
Species: Rat - male and female
Result: negative
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Reproductive toxicity
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure Aspiration hazard
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
ethylene oxide Acute toxicity
Acute toxicity estimate Oral - 100 mg/kg (Expert judgment)
Acute toxicity estimate Inhalation - 700 ppm - gas (Expert judgment)
Dermal: No data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
Acute toxicity estimate Inhalation - 700 ppm - gas (Expert judgment)
Dermal: No data available
Skin - Rabbit
Result: Causes burns. - 1 - 60 min
Remarks: (ECHA)
Remarks: Classified according to Regulation (EU) 1272/2008, Annex VI (Table 3.1/3.2)
Serious eye damage/eye irritation
Result: Causes burns. - 1 - 60 min
Remarks: (ECHA)
Remarks: Classified according to Regulation (EU) 1272/2008, Annex VI (Table 3.1/3.2)
Remarks: Causes serious eye damage.
Respiratory or skin sensitization
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Germ cell mutagenicity
May cause genetic defects.
Carcinogenicity
Presumed to have carcinogenic potential for humans
Reproductive toxicity
Suspected of damaging the unborn child.
May damage fertility.
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure
May damage fertility.
Inhalation - May cause respiratory irritation. - Respiratory system
Remarks: Classified according to Regulation (EU) 1272/2008, Annex VI (Table 3.1/3.2)
May cause drowsiness or dizziness. - Nervous system
Remarks: Classified according to Regulation (EU) 1272/2008, Annex VI (Table 3.1/3.2)
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure
Remarks: Classified according to Regulation (EU) 1272/2008, Annex VI (Table 3.1/3.2)
May cause drowsiness or dizziness. - Nervous system
Remarks: Classified according to Regulation (EU) 1272/2008, Annex VI (Table 3.1/3.2)
Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure.
- Nervous system
Remarks: Classified according to Regulation (EU) 1272/2008, Annex VI (Table 3.1/3.2)
Aspiration hazard
- Nervous system
Remarks: Classified according to Regulation (EU) 1272/2008, Annex VI (Table 3.1/3.2)
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Ecotoxicity
Components:
dimethyl sulphoxide:
Toxicity to fishLC50 (Danio rerio (zebra fish)): > 25,000 mg/l End point: mortality Exposure time: 96 h Test Type: static test Analytical monitoring: yes Method: OECD Test Guideline 203 GLP: yes
Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates
EC50 (Daphnia magna (Water flea)): 24,600 mg/l Exposure time: 48 h Test Type: static test Analytical monitoring: yes Method: OECD Test Guideline 202
Toxicity to algae/aquatic plants
ErC50 (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (green algae)): 17,000 mg/l Exposure time: 72 h Test Type: static test Analytical monitoring: yes Method: OECD Test Guideline 201 GLP: yes
Toxicity to microorganisms
EC50 (activated sludge): 10 - 100 mg/l Exposure time: 30 min Method: ISO 8192
ethylene oxide:
Toxicity to fishLC50 (Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout)): 52 mg/l End point: mortality Exposure time: 96 h Test Type: static test Method: US-EPA GLP: yes
Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates
LC50 (Daphnia magna (Water flea)): 350 mg/l End point: Immobilization Exposure time: 48 h Test Type: static test Method: US-EPA GLP: yes
Toxicity to algae/aquatic plants
ErC50 (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata): 240 mg/l Exposure time: 96 h Test Type: static test Method: US-EPA GLP: yes
Toxicity to microorganisms
EC50 (activated sludge): > 713 mg/l Exposure time: 3 h Test Type: static test Method: OECD Test Guideline 209 GLP: yes
Persistence and degradability
Components:
dimethyl sulphoxide:
Biodegradabilityaerobic Concentration: 2 mg/l Result: Not readily biodegradable. Biodegradation: 31 % Exposure time: 28 d Method: OECD Test Guideline 301D GLP: yes
Stability in water
Degradation half life: 0.12 - 1.2 h (30 °C) pH: 7 Remarks: Hydrolyzes readily.
ethylene oxide:
Biodegradabilityaerobic Inoculum: activated sludge Concentration: 100 mg/l Result: Readily biodegradable. Biodegradation: >= 83 % Exposure time: 14 d Method: OECD Test Guideline 301C
Bioaccumulative potential
Components:
dimethyl sulphoxide:
Partition coefficient: noctanol/waterlog Pow: -1.35 (20 °C) Remarks: Bioaccumulation is not expected.
ethylene oxide:
Partition coefficient: noctanol/waterlog Pow: -0.3 (25 °C) pH: 7 Method: OECD Test Guideline 107 Remarks: Bioaccumulation is not expected.
Mobility in soil
No data available
Other adverse effects
No data available
Disposal methods
Waste from residuesOffer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
International Regulations
IATA-DGR
UN/ID No. : Not applicable
Proper shipping name : Not applicable
Class : Not applicable
Subsidiary risk : Not applicable
Packing group : Not applicable
Labels : Not applicable
Packing instruction (cargo aircraft) : Not applicable
Packing instruction (passenger aircraft) : Not applicable
Proper shipping name : Not applicable
Class : Not applicable
Subsidiary risk : Not applicable
Packing group : Not applicable
Labels : Not applicable
Packing instruction (cargo aircraft) : Not applicable
Packing instruction (passenger aircraft) : Not applicable
IMDG-Code
UN number : Not applicable
Proper shipping name : Not applicable
Class : Not applicable
Subsidiary risk : Not applicable
Packing group : Not applicable
Labels : Not applicable
EmS Code : Not applicable
Marine pollutant : no
Proper shipping name : Not applicable
Class : Not applicable
Subsidiary risk : Not applicable
Packing group : Not applicable
Labels : Not applicable
EmS Code : Not applicable
Marine pollutant : no
Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code
Not applicable for product as supplied.
National regulation GB 6944/12268
UN number : Not applicable
Proper shipping name : Not applicable
Class : Not applicable
Subsidiary risk : Not applicable
Packing group : Not applicable
Labels : Not applicable
National regulation GB 6944/12268
UN number : Not applicable
Proper shipping name : Not applicable
Class : Not applicable
Subsidiary risk : Not applicable
Packing group : Not applicable
Labels : Not applicable
Special precautions for user
Not applicable
National regulatory information
Law on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases
Regulations on Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals
Catalogue of Hazardous Chemicals
Hazardous Chemicals for Priority Management
Not applicable under SAWS
Catalogue of Specially Controlled Hazardous
Listed Chemicals
List of Explosive Precursors
Not listed
Regulation of Environmental Management on the First Import of Chemicals and the Import and Export of Toxic Chemicals
China Severely Restricted Toxic Chemicals for Import and Export
Not applicable
Regulation on the Administration of Precursor Chemicals
Catalogue and Classification of Precursor Chemicals
Not listed
Regulations on the Administration of Controlled Chemicals
List of Controlled Chemicals
Not listed
Regulations of Ozone Depleting Substances Management
List of Controlled Ozone Depleting Substances
Not listed
List of Controlled Ozone Depleting Substances Import and Export
Not listed
Environmental Protection Law
List of Priority Controlled Chemicals
Not listed
List of Key Controlled New Pollutants
Not listed
Rotterdam Convention (Prior Informed Consent)
ethylene oxide
Full text of other abbreviations
ACGIHUSA. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values (TLV)
ACGIH BEI
ACGIH - Biological Exposure Indices (BEI)
GBZ 2.1-2007
Occupational exposure limits for hazardous agents in the workplace - Chemical hazardous agents.
ACGIH / TWA
8-hour, time-weighted average
GBZ 2.1-2007 / PC-TWA AIIC - Australian Invent Transport by Land of Bra bw - Body weight; CMR Standard of the German List (Canada); ECx - Conc associated with x% respo Chemical Substances (Jap response; ERG - Emerge GLP - Good Laboratory P cer; IATA - International Construction and Equipm Half maximal inhibitory c tion; IECSC - Inventory o tional Maritime Dangerou Industrial Safety and H Standardization; KECI - K tration to 50 % of a test (Median Lethal Dose); MA lution from Ships; n.o.s. No Observed (Adverse) E fect Level; NOELR - No Norm; NTP - National Toxi icals; OECD - Organizatio fice of Chemical Safety a and Toxic substance; PIC stances; (Q)SAR - (Quant (EC) No 1907/2006 of th Registration, Evaluation, Accelerating Decompositi Chemical Substance Inve Thailand Existing Chemica States); UN - United Nat Transport of Dangerous WHMIS - Workplace Hazar
Permissible concentration - time weighted average ry of Industrial Chemicals
ANTT - National Agency for il
ASTM - American Society for the Testing of Materials
- Carcinogen, Mutagen or Reproductive Toxicant
DIN nstitute for Standardisation
DSL - Domestic Substances ntration associated with x% response
ELx - Loading rate se
EmS - Emergency Schedule
ENCS - Existing and New n)
ErCx - Concentration associated with x% growth rate cy Response Guide
GHS - Globally Harmonized System
actice
IARC - International Agency for Research on Canir Transport Association
IBC - International Code for the nt of Ships carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk
IC50 ncentration
ICAO - International Civil Aviation Organiza- Existing Chemical Substances in China
IMDG - Interna- Goods
IMO - International Maritime Organization
ISHL alth Law (Japan)
ISO - International Organisation for rea Existing Chemicals Inventory
LC50 - Lethal Concenopulation
LD50 - Lethal Dose to 50% of a test population POL - International Convention for the Prevention of Pol- Not Otherwise Specified
Nch - Chilean Norm
NO(A)EC fect Concentration
NO(A)EL - No Observed (Adverse) Efbservable Effect Loading Rate
NOM - Official Mexican ology Program
NZIoC - New Zealand Inventory of Chemfor Economic Co-operation and Development
OPPTS - Ofd Pollution Prevention
PBT - Persistent, Bioaccumulative S - Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Subtative) Structure Activity Relationship
REACH - Regulation European Parliament and of the Council concerning the uthorisation and Restriction of Chemicals
SADT - Selfn Temperature
SDS - Safety Data Sheet
TCSI - Taiwan tory
TDG - Transportation of Dangerous Goods
TECI s Inventory
TSCA - Toxic Substances Control Act (United ons
UNRTDG - United Nations Recommendations on the oods
vPvB - Very Persistent and Very Bioaccumulative
ous Materials Information System
ANTT - National Agency for il
ASTM - American Society for the Testing of Materials
- Carcinogen, Mutagen or Reproductive Toxicant
DIN nstitute for Standardisation
DSL - Domestic Substances ntration associated with x% response
ELx - Loading rate se
EmS - Emergency Schedule
ENCS - Existing and New n)
ErCx - Concentration associated with x% growth rate cy Response Guide
GHS - Globally Harmonized System
actice
IARC - International Agency for Research on Canir Transport Association
IBC - International Code for the nt of Ships carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk
IC50 ncentration
ICAO - International Civil Aviation Organiza- Existing Chemical Substances in China
IMDG - Interna- Goods
IMO - International Maritime Organization
ISHL alth Law (Japan)
ISO - International Organisation for rea Existing Chemicals Inventory
LC50 - Lethal Concenopulation
LD50 - Lethal Dose to 50% of a test population POL - International Convention for the Prevention of Pol- Not Otherwise Specified
Nch - Chilean Norm
NO(A)EC fect Concentration
NO(A)EL - No Observed (Adverse) Efbservable Effect Loading Rate
NOM - Official Mexican ology Program
NZIoC - New Zealand Inventory of Chemfor Economic Co-operation and Development
OPPTS - Ofd Pollution Prevention
PBT - Persistent, Bioaccumulative S - Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Subtative) Structure Activity Relationship
REACH - Regulation European Parliament and of the Council concerning the uthorisation and Restriction of Chemicals
SADT - Selfn Temperature
SDS - Safety Data Sheet
TCSI - Taiwan tory
TDG - Transportation of Dangerous Goods
TECI s Inventory
TSCA - Toxic Substances Control Act (United ons
UNRTDG - United Nations Recommendations on the oods
vPvB - Very Persistent and Very Bioaccumulative
ous Materials Information System
Disclaimer:
The information in this MSDS is only applicable to the specified product, unless otherwise specified, it is not applicable to the mixture of this product and other substances. This MSDS only provides information on the safety of the product for those who have received the appropriate professional training for the user of the product. Users of this MSDS must make independent judgments on the applicability of this SDS. The authors of this MSDS will not be held responsible for any harm caused by the use of this MSDS.