Aluminiumsulfat Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
GERUCHLOSES WEISSE, GLäNZENDE KRISTALLE ODER PULVER.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Erhitzen oder Verbrennen unter Bildung giftiger und ätzender Rauche mit Schwefeloxiden. Mittelstarke Säure in wässriger Lösung. Reagiert mit Alkali und greift viele Metalle in Gegenwart von Wasser an.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV (als Al, lösliches Salz): 2 mg/m?(als TWA); (ACGIH 2005).
MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Verdampfung bei 20°C vernachlässigbar; eine gesundheitsschädliche Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann jedoch beim Dispergieren schnell erreicht werden, vor allem als Pulver.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Die Substanz reizt die Augen, die Haut und die Atemwege. ätzend beim Verschlucken.
LECKAGE
Verschüttetes Material in Behältern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzgerät, P2-Filter für schädliche Partikel.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R37/38:Reizt die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
R41:Gefahr ernster Augenschäden.
R51/53:Giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S39:Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
S37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
S29:Nicht in die Kanalisation gelangen lassen.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Aluminum sulfate is a white powder, often used in water solution. The solution is a strong acid
Physikalische Eigenschaften
White powder; refractive index 1.47; density 2.71 g/cm
3; mp 770°C (decomposes); hygroscopic; readily soluble in water (31% at 0°C; solubility increases with temperature 98% in boiling water); soluble in dilute mineral acids; slightly soluble in alcohol.
Occurrence
It occurs in nature in minerals; alunite, KAl
3(SO
4)
2(OH)
6and natroalunite, NaAl
3(SO
4)
2(OH)
6. The anhydrous salt is used in food applications.
Verwenden
Aluminum sulfate acts as a flocculating agent in the purification of drinking water, and in waste water treatment plants. It acts as a mordant in dyeing, printing, textiles and also used in paper manufacturing. It is a waterproofing agent and accelerator in concrete. Further, it is used as a foaming agent in fire fighting foam, photographic film and in photochemicals. It is also used in styptic pencils, pain relief and in dentistry for gingival retraction cords.
synthetische
The anhydrous salt may be obtained by slow and progressive heating of commercial hydrated salt, Al
2(SO
4)
3 ?18H
2O. Most water molecules are lost at heating between 250 to 420°C. The last three water molecules are lost between 250 to 420°C at a heating rate of 10°C/min.
Definition
ChEBI: An aluminium sulfate that contains no water of crystallisation.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Anhydrous aluminum sulfate is a white crystalline solid. Aluminum sulfate is also obtained as an 18-hydrate Al2(SO4)3.18H2O. Both forms are soluble in water, noncombustible, and nontoxic. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment. Aluminium sulfate is used in paper making, in firefighting foams, and in sewage treatment and water purification.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Dissolves in water with evolution of some heat. creates acidic solutions.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Aqueous solutions of ALUMINUM SULFATE are acidic. The solid may corrode metals in presence of moisture.
Health Hazard
Inhalation of dust irritates nose and mouth. Ingestion of large doses causes gastric irritation, nausea, vomiting, and purging. Dust irritates eyes and skin.
Landwirtschaftliche Anwendung
Alunogenite is a naturally occurring form of hydrated aluminum sulphate Al
2(SO
4)
318 H
2O.
Industrielle Verwendung
Aluminum chloride (AlCl
3) can be obtained by reacting carbon dioxide and chlorine
with kaolin at high temperatures. It is highly hygroscopic with a specific gravity of 2.3.
It is highly soluble in water and in organic solvents. Similar to aluminum sulfate, aluminum
chloride is used as a co-depressant for calcite, fluorite and dolomite.
Sicherheitsprofil
Moderately toxic by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. Experimental reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. Hydrolyzes to form sulfuric acid, whch irritates tissue, especially lungs. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of SOx,.
mögliche Exposition
Widely used in the paper industry, in waste and water treatment and treating sewage; in antiperspirants, deodorants; in flame-retardants; in tanning leather, sizing paper; mordant in dyeing, purifying water, waterproofing cloth, clarifying oils and fats; in agricultural pesticides; manufacturing aluminum salts and others
Versand/Shipping
UN3264 Corrosive liquid, acidic, inorganic, n.o.s., Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material, Technical Name Required. UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances, solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required
läuterung methode
It crystallises from hot dilute H2SO4 (l mL/g) on cooling in ice. When a solution of alumina (Al2O3) in conc H2SO4 is slowly cooled, Al2SO4 17 or 18H2O deposits as a crystalline mass. Al2SO4 17H2O is the stable form in equilibrium with its saturated aqueous solution at 25o [Smith J Am Chem Soc 64 41 1942]. This is purified by dissolving it in a small volume of H2O and adding EtOH until the sulfate readily crystallises from the oily supersaturated solution. It forms Al2O3 16H2O between 0-112o. On gradual heating, the hydrate melts, giving the anhydrous salt at ca 250o. Several hydrates up to 27H2O have been described. Further heating to red heat (~ 600-800o) causes decomposition to Al2O3 + SO3 + SO2 and O2 [Cobb J Soc Chem Ind 29 250 1910]. The ACS reagent is Al2O3 18H2O (98+%).
Inkompatibilitäten
In aqueous solution, aluminum sulfate forms sulfuric acid; reacts with bases and many other substances. Corrodes metals, some plastics and body tissues, especially in the presence of moisture.
Waste disposal
Pretreatment involves hydrolysis followed by neutralization with NaOH. The insoluble aluminum hydroxide formed is removed by filtration and can be heated to decomposition to yield alumina which has valuable industrial applications. The neutral solution of sodium sulfate can be discharged into sewers and waterways as long as its concentration is below the recommended provisional limit of 250 mg/L
Aluminiumsulfat Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
amorphous Si-AI catalytic cracking catalyst
alumium polysulfate
Bleichromat
Dinatrium-2-(2,4,5,7-tetraiod-6-oxido-3-oxoxanthen-9-yl)benzoat
catalysts for methanol gas phase amination to methylamine
Salicylsäure-ethylester
Amaranth red aluminium lake
zeolite，L-type
Y type molecular sieve
Hydroxyaluminiumdistearat
Trinatrium-3-hydroxy-4-(4'-sulfonatonaphthylazo)naphthalin-2,7-disulfonat
Molecular sieve ZSM-5
desulfurizating hydrogenation Co-Mo catalysts
Trinatrium-1-(1-naphthylazo)-2-hydroxynaphthalin-4',6,8-trisulfonat
Aluminium, 4,5-Dihydro-5-oxo-1-(4-sulfophenyl)-4-[(4-sulfophenyl)azo]-1H-pyrazol-3-carbonsure Komplex
Erythrosine aluminium lake
oligomerization catalyst for olefines
polyalumium sulfate chloride
catalyst for lowering condensation point of diesel fuel
Aluminium sulfate octadecahydrate
new red
Starch Sodiilm octenylsuccinate
Aluminium ammonium sulfate dodecahydrate
ALUMINUM BORATE
Aluminium, 2-(1,3-Dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2H-indol-2-yliden)-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-1H-indol-5-sulfonsure Komplex
103 chrome yellow
Fosetyl aluminum
Aluminiumsilicat
Metakieselsure
Fast Malachite Blue lake
Bleichromatmolybdatsulfatrot
Dinatrium-6-hydroxy-5-[(2-methoxy-4-sulfonato-m-tolyl)azo]naphthalin-2-sulfonat
Dinatrium-5,5'-(2-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-2H-indazol-2-yliden)-1,2-dihydro-3H-indol-3-on)disulfonat
4-HYDROXYMANDELIC ACID MONOHYDRATE
Aluminiumammoniumbis(sulfat)
Repair the lear
hydrodewaxing catalysts for diesel fuel(series)
Ethylcinnamat
Ethylbenzoat
Aluminiumtristearat
