Arsentrioxid Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
WEISSE ODER TRANSPARENTE STüCKE ODER KRISTALLINES PULVER.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Schwache Säure in wässriger Lösung, die mit reduzierenden Substanzen unter Bildung eines hochgiftigen Gases reagieren kann (Arsin - s. ICSC 0222).
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: (als As) 0,01 mg/m?(als TWA) Krebskategorie A1(bestätigte krebserzeugende Wirkung beim Menschen); BEI vorhanden (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: Krebserzeugend Kategorie 1; Keimzellmutagen Kategorie 3A; (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation des Aerosols und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Verdampfung bei 20°C vernachlässigbar; eine gesundheitsschädliche Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann jedoch schnell erreicht werden.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Die Substanz verätzt die Augen, die Haut und die Atemwege. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf Blut, Herzkreislaufsystem, Nervensystem und Leber. Exposition kann zum Tod führen. Die Auswirkungen treten u.U. (s. Anm. )verzögert ein. ärztliche Beobachtung notwendig.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Wiederholter oder andauernder Hautkontakt kann Dermatitis hervorrufen. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf Atemwege, Haut (übermäßige Verhornung), Knochenmark (Veränderungen im blutbildenden System), Herzkreislaufsystem, Nervensystem und Leber mit nachfolgender Blutarmut und Funktionsstörungen. Krebserzeugend für den Menschen.
LECKAGE
Verschüttetes Material aufsaugen. Reste sorgfältig sammeln. An sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Vollschutzanzug mit umgebungsluftunabhängigem Atemschutzgerät.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R45:Kann Krebs erzeugen.
R28:Sehr giftig beim Verschlucken.
R34:Verursacht Verätzungen.
R50/53:Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S53:Exposition vermeiden - vor Gebrauch besondere Anweisungen einholen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S60:Dieses Produkt und sein Behälter sind als gefährlicher Abfall zu entsorgen.
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
Beschreibung
Arsenic trioxide, often denoted as As
2O
3 butmore correctly stated as As
4O
6, is an inorganic compound mainly
used as the precursor for organoarsenic compounds. It can be obtained by the oxidation of arsenic-containing
minerals in the air, such as roasting of orpiment.
2As
2S
3 + 9O
2 → As
4O
6 + 6SO
2
Chemische Eigenschaften
WHITE POWDER AND FINE CHUNKS
Verwenden
It is a reductometric standard.
Definition
A colorless crystalline solid that is very poisonous (0.1 g would be a lethal dose). Analysis of the solid and vapor states suggests a dimerized structure of As
4O
6. An amphoteric oxide, arsenic(III) oxide is sparingly soluble in water, producing an acidic solution. It is formed when arsenic is burned in air or oxygen.
synthetische
Arsenic trioxide is obtained by roasting the mineral arsenopyrite, FeAsS, in air at 650 to 700°C. It is also obtained as a by-product during the smelting ofcopper and lead concentrates during the extraction of these metals from their ores that contain arsenic. The latter readily oxidizes to arsenic trioxide which is volatilized. The vapors are then condensed and collected. High purity-grade oxide can be obtained by resublimation of the crude trioxide or by pressure leaching and recrystallization. Arsenic trioxide may also be prepared by hydrolysis of arsenic trichloride, -tribromide or -trifluoride.
Reaktionen
In the processing of As2O3 the oxide is normally reduced withcarbon:
2As2O3+3C?→As4+3CO2
The reaction is endothermic and is carried out at 500–800℃.The elemental arsenic sublimes and is condensed out of the reaction gas by cooling.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
White or transparent, glassy amorphous lumps or crystalline powder. Slightly soluble in water, but dissolves very slowly; more soluble in hot water. Noncombustible. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. Toxic by ingestion.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Slightly soluble in water, but dissolves very slowly; more soluble in hot water [Merck].
Reaktivität anzeigen
Arsenic(III) oxide reacts vigorously with fluorine at ordinary temperatures [Mellor 9:34 1946-47]. Dissolves in aqueous acids. Incompatible with tannic acid, infusions of cinchona and other vegetable astringent infusions and decoctions, and with iron in solution [Merck].
Hazard
A confirmed carcinogen.
Health Hazard
Material is considered super toxic; probable oral lethal dose (human) is less than 5 mg/kg, i.e., a taste (less than 7 drops) for a 70kg (150 lb.) person. Material causes acute gastrointestinal and central nervous system symptoms. Renal and hepatic damage have also been observed. Chronic exposure to material has led to nasal septum perforation, dermatological symptoms (lesions, necrosis, etc.) and an increase in the incidence of lung and lymphatic cancers. Appreciable exposure to respiratory irritant promoters such as metal oxide fumes elicits a carcinogenic response from Arsenic(III) oxide .
Brandgefahr
Toxic fumes of Arsenic(III) oxide and arsine may be formed in fire situations. Contact with halide acids will form toxic volatile halides. Reduction in acid solutions will form arsine. Arsenic(III) oxide and excess zinc filings will explode on heating. Avoid sodium chlorate; fluorine; chlorine trifluoride; chromic oxide; aluminum chloride; phosphorus pentoxide; hydrogen fluoride; oxygen difluoride, tannic acid; infusion cinchona and other vegetable astringent infusions and decoctions; iron in solution. Arsenic(III) oxide is stable in air but slowly oxidizes in acid media.
Sicherheitsprofil
Confirmed human
carcinogen with experimental neoplastigenic
and tumorigenic data. Poison by ingestion,
subcutaneous, and intravenous routes.
Human systemic effects by ingestion: sleep
changes, muscle weakness, hypermotiltty,
darrhea, cardiac arrhythmias, coma, fatty
degeneration of the liver, depressed renal
function tests. An experimental teratogen.
Other experimental reproductive effects.
Mutation data reported. Reacts vigorously
with Rb2C2, CIF3, F2, Hg, OF2, NaClO3. See
also ARSENIC COMPOUNDS.
mögliche Exposition
Arsenic trioxide, a primary raw material
for other arsenic compounds, is used in manufacture of
pesticides, glass, industrial chemicals, and drugs. It is an
intermediate for insecticides, herbicides and fungicides.
The material is used as a wood and tanning preservative
and a decoloring and refining agent in glass manufacture. It
is also used in pharmaceuticals and in the purification of
synthetic gas.
Versand/Shipping
UN1561 Arsenic trioxide, Hazard Class: 6.1;
Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials
läuterung methode
It crystallises in an octahedral form (common form) from H2O or from dilute HCl (1:2), and is then washed, dried and sublimed (193o/760mm). Analytical reagent grade material is suitable for use as an analytical standard after it has been dried at 105o for 1-2hours or has been left in a desiccator for several hours over conc H2SO4. Alternatively: As2O3 (15g) is dissolved by heating in a mixture of H2O (60mL) and HCl (90g, s.g. 1.1), and crystallisation occurs on cooling, accompanied by brilliant flashes of light [Bandrowski Z Phys Chem 17 234 1895]. The amorphous form is a colourless transparent glass (m 200o) which is obtained when the vapour is slowly condensed below the vaporization temperature, and should be kept in a sealed tube because it changes to the octahedral form (m 275o) in the presence of moisture. [Rushton & Daniels J Am Chem Soc 48 384 1926.] A third monoclinic form, is obtained by heating the oxide in a sealed tube at 400o (the vitreous, amorphous form remains at the bottom of the tube) with the monoclinic form subliming onto the intermediate part of the tube at 200o (m 312o), and the octahedral form deposits at the top of the tube. The transition temperature between the last two forms is ~250o. POISONOUS (particularly the vapour, handle in a ventilated fume cupboard). [Schenk in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p 600 1963.]
Inkompatibilitäten
Sodium chlorate; sodium hydroxide, sulfuric
acid; fluorine; chlorine trifluoride; chromic oxide; aluminum
chloride; phosphorus pentoxide; hydrogen fluoride;
oxygen difluoride; tannic acid; infusion cinchona and other
vegetable astringent infusions and decoctions; iron in solution.
Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine
gas.
Waste disposal
Consult with environmental
regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal
practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant
(≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing
storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.
Dissolve in a minimum of concentrated hydrochloric acid.
Dilute with water until white precipitate forms. Add HCl to
dissolve. Saturate with H2S; filter and wash precipitate and
return to supplier. Alternatively, precipitate with heavy
metals, such as lime or ferric hydroxide in lieu of H2S.
If needed, seek professional environmental engineering
assistance from the United States Environmental Protection
Agency Environmental Response Team at (908) 548-8730
(24-hour response line).
Arsentrioxid Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
