(S)-α-(ヒドロキシメチル)ベンゼン酢酸(1α,2β,4β,5α,7β)-9-メチル-3-オキサ-9-アザトリシクロ[3.3.1.02,4]ノナン-7-イル·臭化水素酸塩 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色～ほとんど白色, 結晶～結晶性粉末
溶解性
水に易溶、氷酢酸,エタノールにやや可溶、エーテルにほとんど不溶。
解説
臭化水素酸スコポラミン,薬に含まれる成分のひとつ。鎮暈作用があり、乗物酔い防止薬などに含有。なお，一般には臭化水素酸スコポラミン(これは水に溶けやすく有機溶媒に難溶)の形で用いられる。劇薬に指定されているが，1個中の含有量が0.25mg以下の薬剤は普通薬とされる。
説明
Scopolamine is a tropane alkaloid that can be found in many plants of the
Solanaceae (nightshade) family. It is a muscarinic receptor antagonist that can be used to induce memory impairment in animals. Scopolamine prevents motion sickness, nausea, and vomiting in animals.
化学的特性
Off-White Solid
使用
An acetylcholine antagonist. Used in treatment of motion sickness; antiemetic; antispasmodic; mydriatic; preanesthetic medicant
定義
ChEBI: A hydrobromide that is obtained by reaction of scopolamine with hydrogen bromide.
一般的な説明
Scopolamine hydrobromide(hyoscine hydrobromide) occurs as white orcolorless crystals or as a white, granular powder. It is odorlessand tends to effloresce in dry air. It is freely soluble inwater (1:1.5), soluble in alcohol (1:20), only slightly solublein chloroform, and insoluble in ether.
Scopolamine is a competitive blocking agent of theparasympathetic nervous system as is atropine, but it differsmarkedly from atropine in its action on the higher nervecenters. Both drugs readily cross the blood-brain barrierand, even at therapeutic doses, cause confusion, particularlyin the elderly.
空気と水の反応
Sensitive to air, light and moisture. Water soluble.
反応プロフィール
Scopolamine hydrobromide is incompatible with acids, bases and oxidizing agents. .
火災危険
Flash point data for Scopolamine hydrobromide are not available; however, Scopolamine hydrobromide is probably combustible.
生物活性
Non-selective muscarinic antagonist. Widely used clinically to treat motion sickness.
臨床応用
A sufficiently large dose of scopolamine will cause an individualto sink into a restful, dreamless sleep for about8 hours, followed by a period of approximately the samelength in which the patient is in a semiconscious state.During this time, the patient does not remember events thattake place. When scopolamine is administered with morphine,this temporary amnesia is termed twilight sleep.
純化方法
The hydrobromide is recrystallised from Me2CO, H2O or EtOH/Et2O and dried. It is soluble in H2O (60%) and EtOH (5%) but insoluble in Et2O and slightly in CHCl3. The hydrochloride has m 300o (from Me2CO). The free base is a viscous liquid which forms a crystalline hydrate with m 59o and [] D 20 -28o (c 2.7, H2O). It hydrolyses in dilute acid or base. [Meinwald J Chem Soc 712 1953, Fodor Tetrahedron 1 86 1957, Beilstein 6 III 4185.]
(S)-α-(ヒドロキシメチル)ベンゼン酢酸(1α,2β,4β,5α,7β)-9-メチル-3-オキサ-9-アザトリシクロ[3.3.1.02,4]ノナン-7-イル·臭化水素酸塩 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品