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| | Progestin Chemical Properties |
| Melting point | 128-132 °C (lit.) | | Boiling point | 394.13°C (rough estimate) | | alpha | 186 º (c=1, ethanol) | | density | d23 1.166; d20 1.171 | | refractive index | 182 ° (C=2, Dioxane) | | Fp | 2℃ | | storage temp. | room temp | | solubility | H2O: 25 mg/mL, may be clear to slightly hazy | | form | powder | | color | Yellow to yellow-brown | | Water Solubility | <0.1 g/100 mL at 19 ºC | | Merck | 7773 | | BRN | 1915950 | | BCS Class | 4 | | Stability: | Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. | | InChIKey | RJKFOVLPORLFTN-LEKSSAKUSA-N | | LogP | 3.870 | | CAS DataBase Reference | 57-83-0(CAS DataBase Reference) | | NIST Chemistry Reference | Progesterone(57-83-0) | | EPA Substance Registry System | Progesterone (57-83-0) |
| | Progestin Usage And Synthesis |
| Description | Progestin is the synthetic (human-made) form of progesterone. Progesterone is a hormone that occurs naturally in your body. Some people need treatment with progestin to treat symptoms or conditions.
| | Physical properties | Progestin is a white powder, melting point 121°C. Stable in air. Insoluble in water. | | Uses |
Progestin is a synthetic (human-made) form of progesterone that helps treat certain conditions. It is can used to treatment for issues with menstruation, symptoms of menopause, and many others.
| | Health Hazard | Acute/chronic hazards: Progesterone may be absorbed through the skin. | | Side effects |
Common side effects of oral Progesterone include: chest pain, chills, cold or flu-like symptoms; cough or hoarseness; fever, and problems with urination. Rare side effects include: clear or bloody discharge; dimpling of the breast skin, lumps in the breast or armpit; persistent crusting or flaking; redness or swelling of the breast; and sores on the breast skin that do not heal. Other side effects that may occur are: abdominal or stomach pain; constipation, difficulty breathing, dizziness, fast, strong, or irregular heartbeat or pulse; headache, measles, indigestion, itching, joint pain, stiffness, or swelling; rash.
| | Synthesis |
Progestin, pregn-4-en-3,20-dione (28.3.1), is made by oxidizing pregnenolon with aluminum isopropylate in the presence of cyclohexanone as a proton acceptor (Oppenauer oxidation). Progestin itself is made by subsequent oxidation and further cleavage of the side chain of stigmasterin, a sterin of plant origin that is isolated from soybeans.
| | Physiological effects |
Progestin is believed to act by inducing decidualization and atrophy of the endometrial tissue within endometriotic implants. Progestin also interfere with follicular growth probably via a central mechanism on the pituitary–hypothalamic unit, but a local ovarian effect is also possible. This will result in decreased estrogen levels.
| | Toxicity |
Low toxicity
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| | Progestin Preparation Products And Raw materials |
| Raw materials | Cyclohexanone-->16-Dehydropregnenolone acetate-->Aluminium isopropoxide-->Pregnenolone | | Preparation Products | Deoxycorticosterone acetate-->Dexamethasone-17-acetate-->17,21-dihydroxy-16beta-methylpregna-1,4,9(11)-triene-3,20-dione 21-acetate-->9-Bromo-11,17,21-trihydroxy-16-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione-21-acetate-->9,11β-Epoxy-17-hydroxy-16β-methyl-3,20-dioxo-9β-pregna-1,4-diene-21-yl Acetate-->16,17-Epoxypregna-5,9(11)-diene-3,20-dione cyclic bis(1,2-ethanediyl acetal)-->11ALPHA-HYDROXYPROGESTERONE-->17-Hydroxy-16-methylpregna-5,9(11)-diene-3,20-dione 3,20-diethyleneketal-->PREGNANEDIONE-->16-Dehydroprogesterone-->METHYL 4-AZA-5ALPHA-ANDROSTA-3-ONE-17BETA-CARBOXYLATE-->Pregna-4,14-diene-3,20-dione-->5α-Pregnane-3,20-dione-->4-Aza-5a-androstan-1-ene-3-one-17b-carboxylic acid |
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