| Identification | More | [Name]
4-Hydroxy-L-isoleucine | [CAS]
781658-23-9 | [Synonyms]
4-HYDROXY-L-ISOLEUCINE
4-Hydroxyisoleucine | [EINECS(EC#)]
631-182-5 | [Molecular Formula]
C6H13NO3 | [MDL Number]
MFCD06799350 | [Molecular Weight]
147.17 | [MOL File]
781658-23-9.mol |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Melting point ]
>200° | [Boiling point ]
332 ºC | [density ]
1.181 | [Fp ]
147 ºC | [storage temp. ]
2-8°C | [form ]
powder | [pka]
2.41±0.25(Predicted) | [color ]
White | [optical activity]
[α]/D +34.0±2.0°, c = 1 in H2O | [Water Solubility ]
Soluble in water | [InChIKey]
OSCCDBFHNMXNME-UHFFFAOYSA-N | [CAS DataBase Reference]
781658-23-9(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [Chemical Properties]
4-Hydroxyisoleucine is Light Yellow Solid
| [Uses]
4-Hydroxy-L-isoleucine is used as a treatment for type II diabetes.
| [Definition]
ChEBI: 4-Hydroxy-L-isoleucine is an isoleucine derivative. | [Biochem/physiol Actions]
A peculiar amino acid extracted from fenugreek seeds and never found in mammalian tissues, exhibits interesting insulinotropic activity; effects on insulin secretion, plant-derived treatment for metabolic syndrome. | [in vivo]
4-Hydroxyisoleucine (50 mg/kg, p.o., daily, 8 weeks) inhibits the increase in serum glucose in the fructose-fed rat model of metabolic syndrome[1].
4-Hydroxyisoleucine (200 mg/kg, p.o., 8 weeks) improves dyslipidemia and reduces lipid ectopic accumulation in C57BL/6 mice[4].
4-Hydroxyisoleucine (200 mg/kg, p.o., 8 weeks) decreases the expression of proinflammatory cytokine (IL-6, PAI-1, IL-1β, NF-κB, TNF-α, and MCP-1) and the proportion of proinflammatory M1 macrophages in C57BL/6 mice[4].
4-Hydroxyisoleucine (50 mg/kg, i.g., daily, 14 days) restores high levels of lipids (cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides) and uric acid in type 1 diabetic rat to that of nondiabetic controls level[5]. | Animal Model: | Fructose-fed rat[1] | | Dosage: | 50 mg/kg | | Administration: | Oral gavage (p.o.), daily, 8 weeks | | Result: | Decreased the levels of glucose and ALT.
Reduced 80% of fructosehe-induced AST release to 151 ± 45 U/mL.
|
| Animal Model: | Type 2 diabetic rat[1] | | Dosage: | 50 mg/kg | | Administration: | i.g., daily, 14 days | | Result: | Restored the level of HDL-cholesterol to levels comparable to controls.
|
| Animal Model: | Male C57BL/6 mice[4] | | Dosage: | 50-200 mg/kg | | Administration: | Oral gavage (p.o.), 8 weeks | | Result: | Decreases the body weights of mice in a dose-dependent manner.
Decreased blood glucose levels and fasting plasma insulin content in mice.
Decreased the expression of TLR4, inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK, and increased the production of IκB-α.
|
| Animal Model: | Type 1 diabetic rat[5] | | Dosage: | 50 mg/kg | | Administration: | i.g., daily, 14 days | | Result: | Improved appearance and heavy ocular vascularization.
Reduced the blood glucose from 500 mg/dl to 330 mg/dl.
Decreased the levels of lipid markers (TG, LDL and HDL) and uric acid.
Didn’t increase the level of inculin compared with untreated diabetic controls.
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