Bernsteinsure Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R37/38:Reizt die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
R41:Gefahr ernster Augenschäden.
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S36/37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung,Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
S37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
Aussehen Eigenschaften
C4H6O4; Butandisäure, 1,2-Ethandicarbonsäure. Farbloses Pulver ohne Geruch.
Gefahren für Mensch und Umwelt
Reizt die Augen, Haut und Schleimhäute.
Zersetzung bei Temperaturen oberhalb des Schmelzpunktes. Nicht mit starken Oxidationsmitteln in Berührung bringen.
LD
50 (oral, Ratte): 2260 mg/kg
Schutzmaßnahmen und Verhaltensregeln
Geeignete Schutzhandschuhe als kurzzeitiger Staubschutz.
Verhalten im Gefahrfall
Substanzkontakt vermeiden.
Trocken aufnehmen. Der Entsorgung zuführen. Nachreinigen.
Wasser, Schaum.
Brennbar.
Erste Hilfe
Nach Hautkontakt: Mit reichlich Wasser abwaschen.
Nach Augenkontakt: Mit reichlich Wasser bei geöffnetem Lidspalt mindestens 10 Minuten ausspülen. Sofort Augenarzt hinzuziehen.
Nach Einatmen: Frischluft.
Nach Verschlucken: Reichlich Wasser trinken lassen. Erbrechen auslösen. Arzt hinzuziehen.
Nach Kleidungskontakt: Kontaminierte Kleidung entfernen.
Ersthelfer: siehe gesonderten Anschlag
Sachgerechte Entsorgung
Gelöst in z.B. Ethanol als organische, halogenfreie Lösemittelabfälle.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Succinic acid,C02H(CH2)2C02H, also known as butanedioic acid,butane diacid, and amber acid, is a colorless odorless prisms or white crystalline powder that melts at 185°C (364 of). Soluble in water and alcohol, it is used as a chemical intermediate, Succinic acid is used in lacquers,medicine,dyes,and as a taste modifier.
Verwenden
succinic acid is widely use as organic intermediates for the pharmaceutical, engineering plastics, resins etc.. For the synthesis of sedatives, contraceptives and cancer drugs in the pharmaceutical industry. In the chemical industry for the production of dyes, alkyd resin, glass fiber reinforced plastics, ion exchange resins and pesticides.
Definition
ChEBI: An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid resulting from the formal oxidation of each of the terminal methyl groups of butane to the corresponding carboxy group. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle.
Vorbereitung Methode
Succinic acid can be produced 1) by oxidation of Butanediol-1,4 with
Nitric acid.
2) by oxidation of Tetrahydrofuran with
Nitric acid.
3) by hydrogenation of Fumaric acid or
Maleic acid.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
White crystals or shiny white odorless crystalline powder. pH of 0.1 molar solution: 2.7. Very acid taste.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Slightly water soluble.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Succinic acid reacts exothermically to neutralize bases, both organic and inorganic. Can react with active metals to form gaseous hydrogen and a metal salt. Such reactions are slow in the dry, but systems may absorb water from the air to allow corrosion of iron, steel, and aluminum parts and containers. Reacts slowly with cyanide salts to generate gaseous hydrogen cyanide. Reacts with solutions of cyanides to cause the release of gaseous hydrogen cyanide. May generate flammable and/or toxic gases and heat with diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides. May react with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), to generate flammable and/or toxic gases and heat. Can be oxidized exothermically by strong oxidizing agents and reduced by strong reducing agents. May initiate polymerization reactions.
Brandgefahr
Flash point data for Succinic acid are not available. Succinic acid is probably combustible.
Sicherheitsprofil
Moderately toxic by subcutaneous route. A severe eye irritant. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
Carcinogenicity
Monosodium succinate was
given to groups of 50 male and 50 female Fischer 344 rats
in drinking water at levels of 0%, 1%, or 2% for 2 years. No
toxic lesion specifically caused by long-term administration
of monosodium succinate was detected, and no dose-related
increase was found in the incidence of tumors in any organ or
tissue. The incidence of C-cell tumors of the thyroid gland of
females that received 2% solution was apparently, but not
significantly, higher than that in controls. Because C-cell
tumors are commonly occurring spontaneous tumors in aging
female rats of this strain and the incidence of C-cell tumors in
the female control group was lower than that of historical
controls for the testing laboratory, the authors concluded that
this lesion was not treatment related.
läuterung methode
Wash it with diethyl ether. Crystallise it from acetone, distilled water, or tert-butanol. Dry it under vacuum over P2O5 or conc H2SO4. Also purify it by conversion to the disodium salt which, after crystallisation from boiling water (charcoal), is treated with mineral acid to regenerate the succinic acid. The acid is then recrystallised and dried in a vacuum. [Beilstein 2 H 606, 2 IV 1908.]
Bernsteinsure Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
