酢酸銅(Ⅱ) 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
青緑色の結晶性粉末
溶解性
水、エタノール及びアセトンに溶ける。
解説
酢酸銅(Ⅱ)，密度1.88 g cm－3．融点115 ℃，沸点240 ℃．水に易溶，エタノール，エーテルに可溶．顔料，媒染剤，殺菌剤，有機反応の触媒などに用いられる．
森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
用途
触媒、媒染剤。
応用
農業銅II酢酸塩は果樹や野菜の病気を防ぐための殺菌剤として広く使用されていますこの化合物は植物の病原体に対して高い効果を発揮し収穫量の増加に貢献します木材保存木材を腐朽から守るための防腐剤としても活用されます銅II酢酸塩は木材に浸透して菌類や昆虫の成長を抑制することで長期にわたる木材の耐久性を向上させます化学合成触媒としてまたは有機合成の中間体を生成するために化学工業で広く利用されていますその反応性と多用途性から多くの合成プロセスで重要な役割を果たしています
ジンテーゼ
酸化銅(Ⅱ)，水酸化銅(Ⅱ)，炭酸水酸化銅(Ⅱ)などを酢酸に溶かし，濃縮すると暗緑青色の一水和物の結晶が得られる．
展望
銅II酢酸塩の研究は新たな応用分野を開拓し続けています特にその抗菌特性を活用した新しい医療用途や環境保護に資するより持続可能な農業技術の開発に向けた研究が進められていますまたこの化合物の独特な化学的性質を利用した高度な材料科学の分野でもその可能性が探求されています
化学的特性
銅II酢酸塩は化学式がCuCH3COO2で表される銅と酢酸の塩ですこの化合物は銅IIイオンと酢酸イオンが組み合わさってできておりその結果として得られる物質は特有の青緑色をしています銅II酢酸塩はその色彩から芸術や工芸品の着色剤としてまた農業での殺菌剤や木材保存剤としても使用されてきました
説明
Copper (II) acetate, also referred to as cupric acetate, is the chemical compound with the formula Cu(OAc)2
2 where OAc
- is acetate (CH
3CO
2-). The hydrated derivative, which contains one molecule of water for each Cu atom, is available commercially. Anhydrous Cu(OAc)2 is a dark green crystalline solid, whereas Cu
2(OAc)
4(H
2O)
2 is more bluish-green. Since ancient times, copper acetates of some form have been used as fungicides and green pigments. Today, copper acetates are used as reagents for the synthesis of various inorganic and organic compounds. Copper acetate, like all copper compounds, emits a blue-green glow in a flame.
化学的特性
Cupric acetate is a greenish Blue powder or small crystals.
来歴
Copper (II) acetate was historically prepared in vineyards, since acetic acid is a byproduct of fermentation. Copper sheets were alternately layered with fermented grape skins and dregs left over from wine production and exposed to air. This would leave a blue substance on the outside of the sheet. This was then scraped off and dissolved in water. The resulting solid was used as a pigment, or combined with arsenic trioxide to form copper acetoarsenite, a powerful insecticide and fungicide called Paris Green or Schweinfurt Green.
During the Second World War copper acetate was used as shark repellent . Under war conditions, before adoption it has been tested only very briefly (while in general successfully). The source says copper acetate does repel sharks in some situations but not in all.
使用
Used as a catalyst or oxidizing agent in organic syntheses
主な応用
The uses for copper (II) acetate are more plentiful as a catalyst or oxidizing agent in organic syntheses. For example, Cu
2(OAc)
4 is used to couple two terminal alkynes to make a 1,3-diyne:
Cu
2(OAc)
4 + 2 RC ≡ CH → 2 CuOAc + RC ≡ C-C ≡ CR + 2 HOAc
The reaction proceeds via the intermediacy of copper(I) acetylides, which are then oxidized by the copper(II) acetate, releasing the acetylide radical. A related reaction involving copper acetylides is the synthesis of ynamines, terminal alkynes with amine groups using Cu
2(OAc)
4.
反応性
Copper(II) acetate serves as an oxidant for carbon anions, free radicals, and hydrocarbons, promoting the oxidative coupling of electron-rich substrates as well as solvent-assisted cleavage of Si–C, Bi–C, Pb–C, and Sb–C bonds. It is also employed as a catalyst for the cyclopropanation of alkenes with diazo esters and as a Lewis acid in a variety of organic transformations.
Copper(II) acetate exhibits oxidizing activity toward carbon anions. In the presence of pyridine, terminal alkynes undergo oxidative coupling to afford 1,3-diynes.
Under an oxygen atmosphere, copper(II) acetate catalyzes the coupling of phenylacetylene with dimethylamine to give N,N-dimethyl-2-phenylacetylamine. In the absence of oxygen, 1,4-diphenylbut-1-yne is formed as the exclusive coupling product.
安全性
銅II酢酸塩は人体や環境に対して有害な影響を及ぼす可能性があるため取り扱いには注意が必要です特に皮膚や眼に対する刺激性があり吸入または摂取することで健康被害を引き起こすことがありますそのためこの化合物を使用する際には適切な保護具を着用し十分な換気が確保された場所で作業を行うことが推奨されます
一般的な説明
A blue-green crystalline solid. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment. Cupric acetate is used as an insecticide, in the preparation of other chemicals, as a fungicide, and mildew preventive.
空気と水の反応
Water soluble.
反応プロフィール
Salts, basic, such as Cupric acetate, are generally soluble in water. The resulting solutions contain moderate concentrations of hydroxide ions and have pH's greater than 7.0. They react as bases to neutralize acids. These neutralizations generate heat, but less or far less than is generated by neutralization of the bases in reactivity group 10 (Bases) and the neutralization of amines. They usually do not react as either oxidizing agents or reducing agents but such behavior is not impossible.
健康ハザード
Inhalation of dust causes irritation of throat and lungs. Ingestion of large amounts causes violent vomiting and purging, intense pain, collapse, coma, convulsions, and paralysis. Contact with solutions irritates eyes; contact with solid causes severe eye surface injury and irritation of skin.
火災危険
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Irritating vapors of acetic acid may form in fires.
生産方法
銅II酢酸塩は銅II塩の溶液に酢酸を加えることによって製造することができます一般的には銅の金属片を酢酸に浸し空気の酸素の作用を利用して銅を酸化させる方法が採用されますこの反応によって銅II酢酸塩が形成されると同時に水が副産物として生じます
安全性プロファイル
Poison by
subcutaneous and intraperitoneal routes.
Moderately toxic by ingestion.
Experimental reproductive effects. When
heated to decomposition it emits acrid
smoke and irritating fumes. See also
COPPER COMPOUNDS.
職業ばく露
Cupric acetate is used as a fungicide, as a catalyst for organic reactions; in textile dyeing and as a pigment for ceramics.
輸送方法
UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances, solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required.
純化方法
Recystallise it twice from warm dilute acetic acid solutions (5mL/g) by cooling. [Beilstein 2 IV 111.]
不和合性
Forms explosive materials with acetylene gas, ammonia, caustic solutions; sodium hypobromite; notromethane. Keep away from chemically active metals; strong acids; nitrates. Decomposes above 240C forming acetic acid fumes
廃棄物の処理
Copper-containing soluble wastes can be concentrated through the use of ion exchange, reverse osmosis, or evaporators to the point where copper can be electrolytically removed and sent to a reclaiming firm. If recovery is not feasible, the copper can be precipitated through the use of caustics and the sludge deposited in a chemical waste landfill.
酢酸銅(Ⅱ) 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品