ヘキサクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
用途
溶媒
説明
Hexachlorobutadiene was first synthesized in 1877 by chlorination
of hexyl iodide. It is an industrial by-product of
tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene, and perchloroethylene
production.
化学的特性
colourless liquid (typical odour recognition threshold:
物理的性質
Clear, yellowish-green liquid with a mild to pungent, turpentine-like odor. Odor threshold
concentration is 6 ppb (quoted, Keith and Walters, 1992).
使用
Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene is used as an urinary biomarker as a tool for early screening of potential kidney toxicity. Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD) causes kidney injury.
一般的な説明
A colorless liquid with a mild odor. Insoluble in water and denser than water. Nonflammable. May be toxic by ingestion or inhalation. Used as a solvent and heat transfer fluid.
空気と水の反応
Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene rapidly decomposes rubber on contact. Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. Reacts to form an explosive product with bromine perchlorate. . Gives highly toxic and irritating chloride fumes when burned.
危険性
Toxic by ingestion and inhalation, a questionable carcinogen.
健康ハザード
Poisonous; may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through the skin. Inhalation causes repiratory difficulty and irritation of mucous membranes. Skin and eye irritant; may cause burns.
職業ばく露
Hexachlorobutadiene is used as a sol vent; heat-transfer fluid; transformer fluid; hydraulic fluid;
as a solvent for elastomers; as a wash liquor for removing
higher hydrocarbons.
発がん性
In rats given oral administration, it produced
benign and malignant tumors in the kidneys in both
sexes. The IARC then concluded that there is limited evidence
that HCBD is carcinogenic in rats.
Nakagawa et al. reported that HCBD is a potent nephrotoxicant
that selectively damaged the straight portion (pars
recta) of the proximal tubule in the rat. They also
reported administering 0.1% HCBD for 30 weeks to male
Wistar rats previously given 0.1% N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethylnitrosamine
(EHEN) in their drinking water for 2 weeks and
that the combined treatment resulted in a significantly higher
incidence of renal cell tumors than when EHEN was administered
alone.
環境運命予測
Chemical/Physical. Hexachlorobutadiene will not hydrolyze to any reasonable extent (Kollig,
1993).
At influent concentrations of 1.0, 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001 mg/L, the GAC adsorption capacities
were 258, 91, 21, and 11 mg/g, respectively (Dobbs and Cohen, 1980).
代謝経路
In the presence of glutathione (GSH), mouse liver
microsomes and cytosol transform 14C-hexachloro-
1,3-butadiene (HCBD) to S-
(pentachlorobutadienyl)glutathione (PCBG). PCBG
formation in subcellular fractions from a mouse kidney
is very limited. After an oral dose of HCBD to mice,
PCBG in feces, and S-(pentachlorobutadienyl)-L-
cysteine, N-acetyl-S-(pentachlorobutadienyl)-L-
cysteine, and 1,1,2,3-tetrachlorobutenoic acid in the
urine are identified as the metabolites.
輸送方法
UN2279 Hexachlorobutadiene, Hazard Class:
6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.
純化方法
Wash the diene with four or five 1/10th volumes of MeOH (or until the yellow colour has been extracted), then stir it for 2hours with H2SO4, wash it with distilled water until neutral and filter it through a column of P2O5. Distil it under reduced pressure through a packed column. [Rytner & Bauer J Am Chem Soc 82 298 1960, Beilstein 1 IV 998.]
不和合性
Strong reaction with oxidizers, aluminum
powder. Attacks aluminum; some plastics, rubber and coatings
廃棄物の処理
High temperature incineration
with flue gas scrubbing. Consult with environmental
regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal
practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform to EPA regulations governing
storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.
ヘキサクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品