ヨード臭素 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
解説
臭化ヨウ素ヨウ素と臭素の化合物．確実なのは，IBrのみである．IBr(206.81)は一臭化ヨウ素ともいう．Br2 と I2 との直接反応で得られる．黒褐色(透過光では赤色)の斜方晶系結晶．気体IBr分子ではI-Br2.48 Å．結晶ではI-Br…I-Br…のジクザグ鎖状構造．I-Br1.52 Å．融点41 ℃，沸点116 ℃(分解)．密度4.416 g cm－3(20 ℃)．水，エタノール，エーテル，CS2に可溶．水では加水分解が起こり，HIOとHBrを生じる．気体は赤色で，臭素に似た臭いをもち，皮膚や粘膜をおかす．臭素化剤に用いられる．有毒．
化学的特性
A dark grey to brownish-black crystalline mass that can be dissolved in ethanol, ether, chloroform, carbon disulphide, and other solvents. When it is heated, it becomes partially dissociated. It can prepared by the action of iodine with bromine in a stream of nitrogen. It is used in organic synthesis.
使用
Iodine monobromide is used as an electrophile employed in a new synthetic approach to polyketide structural units. It is also used in iodometry and serves as a source of I+. It is a powerful iodinating agent used in organic synthesis as well as involved in the synthesis of radioiodinated fatty acids for heart imaging.
製造方法
Prepared from the elements, excess Br is removed by heating to 50 °C in a current of CO2.
危険性
Toxic by ingestion and inhalation, vapors
corrosive to tissue.
健康ハザード
Vapors of iodine monobromide are irritatingto the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.Its concentrated solutions are corrosive to theskin. Toxicity data for this compound are notavailable.
火災危険
Noncombustible solid. The molten salt ex plodes when mixed with potassium, and
ignites with finely divided aluminum. Its
mixture with sodium explodes on impact.
The reaction of phosphorus with molten salt
is violent.
純化方法
The brown-black crystals are purified by repeated fractional crystallisation from its melt. The vapour dissociates on heating [Yost et al. J Amer Chem Soc 55 552 1933, Schmeisser in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I pp 291-292 1963].
予防処置
corrosive solid and vapor; readily absorbed through skin and mucous membranes; use in a fume hood and wear gloves and appropriate protective clothing; air-, moisture-, and light-sensitive; should be stored refrigerated (under N2) in a tightly sealed amber bottle. Forms explosive mixtures with potassium and sodium, and reacts extremely exothermically with phosphorus and tin.
ヨード臭素 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品