SIRT1 (silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1) is a NAD⁺-dependent deacetylase belonging to the sirtuin family, playing critical roles in aging, metabolism, stress response, and genomic stability. It regulates gene expression and cellular pathways by deacetylating histones (e.g., H3K9. H4K16) and non-histone targets like p53. FOXOs, and PGC-1α. Due to its involvement in age-related diseases, cancer, and metabolic disorders, SIRT1 has become a key focus in biomedical research.
SIRT1 antibodies are essential tools for detecting SIRT1 expression, localization, and activity in cells or tissues. They are widely used in techniques such as Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Polyclonal antibodies typically recognize multiple epitopes, offering high sensitivity, while monoclonal antibodies provide specificity for single epitopes. Validation is crucial, as SIRT1 exists in multiple isoforms and post-translational modifications (e.g., phosphorylation) may affect antibody binding. High-quality antibodies are validated using knockout controls or siRNA-mediated knockdown to confirm target specificity.
Research applications include studying SIRT1's roles in caloric restriction, oxidative stress, inflammation, and neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer’s). Commercial antibodies often specify reactivity across species (human, mouse, rat) and provide application-specific recommendations. Proper controls and optimization are necessary to avoid cross-reactivity with other sirtuins (SIRT2-7) or nonspecific signals.