The B3GALT4 antibody targets the β-1.3-galactosyltransferase 4 enzyme, encoded by the *B3GALT4* gene. This enzyme belongs to the glycosyltransferase family and catalyzes the transfer of galactose to glycoconjugates via β-1.3-linkages, playing a critical role in synthesizing lactose-series carbohydrate structures. These structures are essential for biological processes like cell-cell recognition, immune response modulation, and neural development. B3GALT4 is notably involved in the biosynthesis of keratan sulfate and other glycosphingolipids, impacting cellular signaling and adhesion.
Antibodies against B3GALT4 are widely used in research to study its expression, localization, and function in normal and pathological contexts. They are employed in techniques such as Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence to investigate tissue-specific expression patterns or dysregulation in diseases. For example, altered B3GALT4 activity has been linked to cancers, autoimmune disorders, and neurological conditions, making its antibody a tool for exploring disease mechanisms or potential biomarkers.
Research using B3GALT4 antibodies has also shed light on its role in embryogenesis and stem cell differentiation, particularly in neural crest cell migration. Commercial antibodies vary in clonality, host species, and validation criteria, requiring careful selection based on experimental needs. Ongoing studies aim to clarify its therapeutic potential, including targeting glycosylation pathways in cancer immunotherapy or regenerative medicine.