**Background of PPM1D Antibody**
PPM1D (Protein Phosphatase, Mg²⁺/Mn²⁺-Dependent 1D), also known as Wip1 (Wild-type p53-Induced Phosphatase 1), is a serine/threonine phosphatase belonging to the PP2C family. It plays a critical role in regulating cellular stress responses, particularly in the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway. PPM1D is transcriptionally induced by p53 following genotoxic stress and functions as a negative feedback regulator by dephosphorylating key DDR proteins, including p53. ATM, CHK1. and CHK2. thereby attenuating cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
Overexpression or gain-of-function mutations in *PPM1D* are linked to various cancers, such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and neuroblastoma, due to its oncogenic potential in suppressing tumor suppressor pathways. Conversely, *PPM1D* deletions or truncations are associated with developmental disorders and immunodeficiency.
PPM1D antibodies are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and functional roles in cancer biology and stress signaling. They are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF) to detect PPM1D protein levels in tissues or cell lines. These antibodies also aid in exploring PPM1D's interaction networks and evaluating its potential as a therapeutic target, particularly in cancers with *PPM1D* amplifications or mutations. Specific monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies targeting distinct epitopes or post-translational modifications enable precise mechanistic insights into PPM1D-driven pathologies.