Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6) is a transmembrane protein belonging to the Toll-like receptor family, which plays a critical role in the innate immune system by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). TLR6 primarily forms heterodimers with TLR2 to detect bacterial lipoproteins, fungal components, and other microbial ligands, initiating downstream signaling pathways that trigger inflammatory and immune responses. Antibodies targeting TLR6 are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and functional mechanisms in both physiological and pathological contexts. These antibodies, including monoclonal and polyclonal variants, are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry to investigate TLR6's involvement in infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Commercially available TLR6 antibodies are often validated for specificity and cross-reactivity across species, such as human, mouse, and rat. Research using TLR6 antibodies has highlighted its dual role in immune regulation—promoting protective responses against pathogens while contributing to chronic inflammation if dysregulated. Recent studies also explore TLR6 as a potential therapeutic target or biomarker for conditions like sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis, and certain cancers. However, challenges remain in standardizing antibody performance across experimental models and ensuring reproducibility in complex biological systems.