The EIF2S2 antibody targets the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta (EIF2S2), a critical component of the eIF2 complex involved in protein synthesis initiation. EIF2S2. also known as eIF2β, plays a regulatory role in the formation of the ternary complex (eIF2-GTP-Met-tRNAi), which is essential for ribosome recruitment during translation. This subunit facilitates GTP binding and modulates eIF2 activity through interactions with other initiation factors and regulatory kinases. Dysregulation of EIF2S2 or the eIF2 complex is implicated in cellular stress responses, including the integrated stress response (ISR), which adjusts protein synthesis under conditions like nutrient deprivation, viral infection, or endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Antibodies against EIF2S2 are widely used in research to investigate translational control mechanisms, cellular stress pathways, and diseases linked to eIF2 dysfunction, such as neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and metabolic syndromes. They enable detection of EIF2S2 expression, post-translational modifications (e.g., phosphorylation), and interactions in techniques like Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and co-immunoprecipitation. Studies using these antibodies have also explored the role of EIF2S2 in viral replication, where host translation machinery is hijacked, and in therapeutic contexts targeting stress-adaptive pathways. Their specificity and reliability make EIF2S2 antibodies vital tools for unraveling translational regulation in health and disease.