The SLC34A3 antibody is a tool used to detect and study the sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2c (NaPi-IIc), encoded by the SLC34A3 gene. This protein plays a critical role in renal phosphate reabsorption, primarily expressed in the kidney proximal tubules and, to a lesser extent, in the small intestine. SLC34A3 mutations are linked to hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets with nephrolithiasis (HHRH), a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by phosphate wasting, hypophosphatemia, bone demineralization, and kidney stones.
The SLC34A3 antibody is utilized in research to investigate phosphate homeostasis, renal physiology, and the molecular mechanisms underlying HHRH. It aids in detecting protein expression levels, localization in tissues, and functional studies in disease models. Commercially available antibodies are typically developed in hosts like rabbits or mice, targeting specific epitopes of the NaPi-IIc protein. Validation methods include Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence.
Research involving this antibody contributes to understanding genetic and acquired phosphate-wasting disorders, potential therapeutic targets, and diagnostic approaches. Its application extends to studying cross-talk between SLC34A3 and other phosphate regulators, such as FGF23 and PTH, offering insights into systemic phosphate balance. Proper antibody validation remains crucial to ensure specificity and reliability in experimental outcomes.