CD370. also known as CLEC9A (C-type lectin domain family 9 member A), is a transmembrane protein belonging to the C-type lectin receptor family. It is predominantly expressed on a subset of dendritic cells (DCs), particularly conventional type 1 DCs (cDC1), and plays a critical role in immune recognition and antigen presentation. CLEC9A recognizes filamentous actin exposed on damaged or necrotic cells, functioning as a sensor of cell death. This interaction facilitates cross-presentation of antigens to CD8+ T cells, linking innate and adaptive immunity.
CD370 antibodies are valuable tools for studying immune responses, particularly in infection, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. They are used to block or activate CLEC9A signaling, helping elucidate its role in DC maturation, cytokine production, and T-cell activation. In therapeutic contexts, CD370-targeting antibodies are explored for vaccine adjuvants or targeted drug delivery to cDC1s to enhance antitumor immunity. Some antibody formats (e.g., antibody-drug conjugates or bispecific antibodies) aim to direct antigens to CLEC9A+ DCs, optimizing immune activation.
Research also investigates CLEC9A's involvement in maintaining immune tolerance, as its deficiency may correlate with autoimmune disorders. CD370 antibodies thus serve both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, bridging fundamental immunology and clinical applications.