**Background of CD113 Antibody**
CD113. also known as poliovirus receptor-related protein 1 (PVRR1) or nectin-1. is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the nectin family of cell adhesion molecules. It plays a critical role in cell-cell adhesion, immune regulation, and viral entry, particularly as a receptor for herpes simplex virus (HSV) and pseudorabies virus. CD113 is widely expressed in epithelial cells, neurons, and immune cells, and it interacts with intracellular afadin to mediate signaling and cytoskeletal reorganization.
CD113 antibodies are immunological tools designed to detect or modulate CD113 protein expression. They are widely utilized in research to investigate viral pathogenesis, cell adhesion dynamics, and immune responses. For example, anti-CD113 antibodies can block HSV entry into host cells, aiding in studies of viral infection mechanisms. Additionally, these antibodies are employed in techniques like flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting to assess CD113 expression patterns in healthy and diseased tissues, including cancers and inflammatory conditions.
Emerging studies also explore CD113's role in immune evasion and its potential as a therapeutic target. However, nomenclature inconsistencies (e.g., overlap with CD155 or other nectin family members) require careful validation of antibody specificity. Overall, CD113 antibodies remain vital for elucidating the biological and pathological significance of this multifaceted protein.