CD156B antibody targets the CD156b antigen, also known as ADAM8 (A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase 8), a member of the ADAM family of transmembrane proteins. ADAM8 is characterized by a multi-domain structure, including a prodomain, metalloproteinase, disintegrin-like, cysteine-rich, and transmembrane domain. It plays roles in cell adhesion, migration, proteolysis, and signaling, with implications in inflammatory responses, cancer progression, and neurological disorders.
CD156B antibodies are primarily used in research to detect ADAM8 expression and localization in tissues or cells. Studies highlight ADAM8's overexpression in cancers (e.g., lung, breast, glioblastoma), where it promotes tumor invasion, angiogenesis, and immune evasion by cleaving substrates like cytokines and extracellular matrix components. Its involvement in inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, further underscores its therapeutic relevance.
The development of CD156B antibodies has facilitated investigations into ADAM8's mechanistic pathways and its potential as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker. Neutralizing antibodies are also explored for therapeutic applications, aiming to inhibit ADAM8's enzymatic activity or disrupt its interactions with signaling molecules. Despite progress, challenges remain in understanding isoform-specific functions and optimizing antibody specificity for clinical translation. Overall, CD156B antibodies serve as critical tools in unraveling ADAM8's biological and pathological roles.