CDKAL1 (Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 Regulatory Subunit-Associated Protein 1-Like 1) is a gene linked to type 2 diabetes (T2D) through genome-wide association studies (GWAS). It encodes a protein structurally similar to CDK5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 1 (CDK5RAP1), which modifies tRNA function. CDKAL1 is highly expressed in pancreatic β-cells and neurons, where it influences insulin secretion and β-cell survival. Its role involves post-transcriptional methylation of tRNA molecules, particularly tRNA-Lys(UUU), ensuring accurate translation of proinsulin and other proteins critical for β-cell function. Variants in CDKAL1 (e.g., rs7754840) are associated with impaired insulin synthesis, reduced β-cell responsiveness, and increased T2D risk.
CDKAL1 antibodies are tools used to study the protein’s expression, localization, and function in disease models. These antibodies enable detection via techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence, aiding research on molecular mechanisms underlying β-cell dysfunction. Studies using CDKAL1 antibodies have revealed its role in endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dynamics, and apoptosis regulation. Additionally, they help explore connections between CDKAL1 variants and metabolic disorders, including obesity and gestational diabetes. As CDKAL1’s precise biological pathways remain incompletely understood, these antibodies are vital for clarifying its contribution to diabetes pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targeting. Their application extends to drug development and biomarker discovery for precision medicine approaches in T2D.